Regulation Of Certain Chemical Substances And Mixtures Under Section 6 Of The Toxic Substances Control Act

§ 751.1 — Purpose.

This part sets forth requirements under section 6(a) of the Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. 2605(a), regulating the manufacture (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, use, or disposal of certain chemical substances and mixtures in order to address unreasonable risks to the extent necessary so that the chemical substance or mixture no longer presents such risk.

§ 751.5 — Definitions.

The definitions in section 3 of the Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. 2602, apply to this part except as otherwise established in any subpart under this part.

Act or TSCA means the Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. 2601 et seq.

Article means a manufactured item:

(1) Which is formed to a specific shape or design during manufacture;

(2) Which has end use function(s) dependent in whole or in part upon its shape or design during end use; and

(3) Which has either no change of chemical composition during its end use or only those changes of composition which have no commercial purpose separate from that of the article, and that result from a chemical reaction that occurs upon end use of other chemical substances, mixtures, or articles; except that fluids and particles are not considered articles regardless of shape or design.

Authorized person means any person specifically authorized by the owner or operator to enter, and whose duties require the person to enter, a regulated area.

CASRN means Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number.

Designated representative means any individual or organization to whom a potentially exposed person gives written authorization to exercise a right of access. A recognized or certified collective bargaining agent must be treated automatically as a designated representative without regard to written authorization.

Direct dermal contact means direct handling of a chemical substance or mixture or skin contact with surfaces that may be contaminated with a chemical substance or mixture.

ECEL is an Existing Chemical Exposure Limit, and means an airborne concentration calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA).

EPA means the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

Exposure group means a group of potentially exposed persons with a similar exposure profile to a chemical substance or mixture based on the substantial similarity of tasks performed, the manner in which the tasks are performed, and the materials and processes with which they work.

Owner or operator means any person who owns, leases, operates, controls, or supervises a workplace covered by this part.

Person means any natural person, firm, company, corporation, joint venture, partnership, sole proprietorship, association, or any other business entity; any State or political subdivision thereof; any municipality; any interstate body; and any department, agency, or instrumentality of the Federal government.

Potentially exposed person means any person who may be exposed to a chemical substance or mixture in a workplace as a result of a condition of use of that chemical substance or mixture.

Product means the chemical substance, a mixture containing the chemical substance, or any object that contains the chemical substance or mixture containing the chemical substance that is not an article.

Regulated area means an area established by the regulated entity to demarcate areas where airborne concentrations of a specific chemical substance exceed, or there is a reasonable possibility they may exceed, the applicable Existing Chemical Exposure Limit (ECEL) or the EPA Short Term Exposure Limit (EPA STEL).

Retailer means a person who distributes in commerce or makes available a chemical substance or mixture to consumer end users, including e-commerce internet sales or distribution. Any distributor with at least one consumer end user customer is considered a retailer. A person who distributes in commerce or makes available a chemical substance or mixture solely to commercial or industrial end users or solely to commercial or industrial businesses is not considered a retailer.

§ 751.7 — Exports and imports.

(a) Exports. Persons who intend to export a chemical substance identified in any subpart under this part are subject to the export notification provisions of section 12(b) of the Act. The regulations that interpret section 12(b) appear at 40 CFR part 707, subpart D.

(b) Imports. Persons who import a substance identified in any subpart under this part are subject to the import certification requirements under section 13 of the Act, which are codified at 19 CFR 12.118 through 12.127. See also 19 CFR 127.28.

§ 751.9 — Enforcement and inspections.

(a) Enforcement. (1) Failure to comply with any provision of this part is a violation of section 15 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 2614).

(2) Failure or refusal to establish and maintain records or to permit access to or copying of records, as required by the Act, is a violation of section 15 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 2614).

(3) Failure or refusal to permit entry or inspection as required by section 11 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 2610) is a violation of section 15 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 2614).

(4) Violators may be subject to the civil and criminal penalties in section 16 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 2615) for each violation.

(b) Inspections. EPA may conduct inspections under section 11 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 2610) to ensure compliance with this part.

§ 751.101 — General.

(a) Applicability. This subpart sets certain restrictions on the manufacture (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, use, and disposal of methylene chloride (CASRN 75-09-2) to prevent unreasonable risks of injury to health.

(b) De minimis threshold. Unless otherwise specified in this subpart, the prohibitions and restrictions of this subpart do not apply to products containing methylene chloride at thresholds less than 0.1 percent by weight. This provision does not apply to § 751.105.

§ 751.103 — Definitions.

The definitions in subpart A of this part apply to this subpart unless otherwise specified in this section. In addition, the following definitions apply:

Consumer paint and coating removal means paint and coating removal performed by any natural person who uses a paint and coating removal product for any personal use without receiving remuneration or other form of payment.

Distribution in commerce has the same meaning as in section 3 of the Act, except that the term does not include retailers for purposes of §§ 751.111 and 751.113.

ECEL is an Existing Chemical Exposure Limit, and means an airborne concentration calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA).

ECEL action level means a concentration of airborne methylene chloride of 1 part per million (1 ppm) calculated as an 8-hour time weighted average (TWA).

EPA STEL is a Short Term Exposure Limit, which is an EPA regulatory limit on workplace exposure to an airborne concentration of a chemical substance, based on an exposure of less than eight hours.

Paint and coating removal means application of a chemical or use of another method to remove, loosen, or deteriorate any paint, varnish, lacquer, graffiti, surface protectants, or other coating from a substrate, including objects, vehicles, architectural features, or structures.

Retailer means a person who distributes in commerce or makes available a chemical substance or mixture to consumer end users, including e-commerce internet sales or distribution. Any distributor with at least one consumer end user customer is considered a retailer. A person who distributes in commerce or makes available a chemical substance or mixture solely to commercial or industrial end users or solely to commercial or industrial businesses is not considered a retailer.

§ 751.105 — Prohibition of manufacturing (including import), processing, and distribution in commerce related to consumer paint and coating removal.

(a) After November 22, 2019, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing, processing and distributing in commerce methylene chloride for consumer paint and coating removal.

(b) After November 22, 2019, all persons are prohibited from distributing in commerce methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride containing products, for paint and coating removal to retailers.

(c) After November 22, 2019, all retailers are prohibited from distributing in commerce methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride containing products, for paint and coating removal.

§ 751.107 — Other prohibitions of manufacturing (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, and use.

(a) Applicability. (1) This section applies to all manufacturing (including import), processing, and distribution in commerce of methylene chloride for consumer use other than for the paint and coating removal use addressed under § 751.105.

(2) This section applies to:

(i) All manufacturing (including import), processing, and distribution in commerce of methylene chloride for industrial or commercial use, other than for the conditions of use addressed under § 751.109(a); and

(ii) All commercial or industrial use of methylene chloride, other than the conditions of use addressed under § 751.109(a).

(3) This section does not apply to manufacturing, processing, or distribution in commerce of methylene chloride solely for export that meets the conditions described in TSCA section 12(a)(1)(A) and (B).

(b) Prohibitions. (1) After February 3, 2025, all persons are prohibited from distributing in commerce (including making available) methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride-containing products, to retailers for any use.

(2) After May 5, 2025, all retailers are prohibited from distributing in commerce (including making available) methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride-containing products, for any use.

(3) After May 5, 2025, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including import) methylene chloride, for the uses listed in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section except for those uses specified in paragraphs (b)(7) through (9) of this section.

(4) After August 1, 2025, all persons are prohibited from processing methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride-containing products, for the uses listed in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section except for those uses specified in paragraphs (b)(7) through (9) of this section.

(5) After January 28, 2026, all persons are prohibited from distributing in commerce (including making available) methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride-containing products, for any use described in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section except for those uses specified in paragraphs (b)(7) through (9) of this section.

(6) After April 28, 2026, all persons are prohibited from industrial or commercial use of methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride containing products, for the uses listed in paragraph (a)(2) of this section except for those uses specified in paragraphs (b)(7) through (9) of this section.

(7) After May 8, 2034, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, or use of methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride containing products, for industrial or commercial use in an emergency by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration or its contractors as described in § 751.115(b).

(8) After May 8, 2029, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, or use of methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride containing products, for industrial or commercial use for paint and coating removal for refinishing of wooden furniture, decorative pieces and architectural fixtures of artistic, cultural, or historic significance, with interim requirements as described in § 751.117.

(9) After May 8, 2029, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, or use of methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride-containing products, for industrial or commercial use for adhesives and sealants in aircraft, space vehicle, and turbine applications for structural and safety critical non-structural applications.

§ 751.109 — Workplace Chemical Protection Program.

(a) Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to the following conditions of use of methylene chloride, including manufacturing and processing for export, except to the extent the conditions of use are prohibited by §§ 751.105 and 751.107:

(1) Manufacturing (domestic manufacture);

(2) Manufacturing (import);

(3) Processing: as a reactant;

(4) Processing: incorporation into a formulation, mixture, or reaction product;

(5) Processing: repackaging;

(6) Processing: recycling;

(7) Industrial and commercial use as a laboratory chemical;

(8) Industrial or commercial use for paint and coating removal from safety-critical, corrosion-sensitive components of aircraft and spacecraft;

(9) Industrial or commercial use as a bonding agent for solvent welding;

(10) Industrial and commercial use as a processing aid;

(11) Industrial and commercial use for plastic and rubber products manufacturing;

(12) Industrial and commercial use as a solvent that becomes part of a formulation or mixture, where that formulation or mixture will be used inside a manufacturing process, and the solvent (methylene chloride) will be reclaimed; and

(13) Disposal.

(b) Relationship to other regulations. For purposes of this section:

(1) Any provisions applying to “employee” in 29 CFR 1910.132, 1910.134, and 1910.1052 also apply equally to potentially exposed persons; and

(2) Any provisions applying to “employer” in 29 CFR 1910.132, 1910.134, and 1910.1052 also apply equally to any owner or operator for the regulated area.

(c) Exposure limits—(1) ECEL. The owner or operator must ensure that no person is exposed to an airborne concentration of methylene chloride in excess of 2 parts of methylene chloride per million parts of air (2 ppm) as an 8-hour TWA after February 8, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal Government, August 1, 2025 for other owners and operators, or beginning 4 months after introduction of methylene chloride into the workplace if methylene chloride use commences after May 5, 2025, consistent with paragraphs (d) through (f) of this section.

(2) EPA STEL. The owner or operator must ensure that no person is exposed to an airborne concentration of methylene chloride in excess of 16 parts of methylene chloride per million parts of air (16 ppm) as determined over a sampling period of 15 minutes after February 8, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal Government, August 1, 2025 for other owners and operators, or beginning 4 months after introduction of methylene chloride into the workplace if methylene chloride use commences after May 5, 2025, consistent with paragraphs (d) through (f) of this section.

(3) Regulated areas. The owner or operator must:

(i) Establish and maintain regulated areas in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1052(e)(2) and (4) through (7) by February 8, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal Government, August 1, 2025 for other owners and operators, or within 3 months after receipt of the results of any monitoring data consistent with paragraph (d) of this section.

(ii) Establish a regulated area wherever a potentially exposed person's exposure to airborne concentrations of methylene chloride exceeds or can reasonably be expected to exceed either the ECEL or EPA STEL.

(iii) Demarcate regulated areas from the rest of the workplace in any manner that adequately establishes and alerts potentially exposed persons to the boundaries of the area and minimizes the number of authorized persons exposed to methylene chloride within the regulated area.

(iv) Restrict access to the regulated area by any potentially exposed person who lacks proper training, personal protective equipment, or is otherwise unauthorized to enter.

(d) Exposure monitoring—(1) In general—(i) Characterization of exposures. Owners or operators must determine each potentially exposed person's exposure, without regard to respiratory protection, by either:

(A) Taking a personal breathing zone air sample of each potentially exposed person's exposure; or

(B) Taking personal breathing zone air samples that are representative of each potentially exposed person's exposure.

(ii) Representative samples. Owners or operators are permitted to consider personal breathing zone air samples to be representative of each potentially exposed person's exposure, without regard to respiratory protection, when they are taken as follows:

(A) ECEL. The owner or operator has taken one or more personal breathing zone air samples for at least one potentially exposed person in each job classification in a work area during every work shift, and the person sampled is expected to have the highest methylene chloride exposure.

(B) EPA STEL. The owner or operator has taken one or more personal breathing zone air samples which indicate the highest likely 15-minute exposures during such operations for at least one potentially exposed person in each job classification in the work area during every work shift, and the person sampled is expected to have the highest methylene chloride exposure.

(C) Exception. Personal breathing zone air samples taken during one work shift may be used to represent potentially exposed person exposures on other work shifts where the owner or operator can document that the tasks performed and conditions in the workplace are similar across shifts.

(iii) Accuracy of monitoring. Owners or operators must ensure that the methods used to perform exposure monitoring produce results that are accurate to a confidence level of 95%, and are:

(A) Within plus or minus 25% for airborne concentrations of methylene chloride above the ECEL or the EPA STEL; or

(B) Within plus or minus 35% for airborne concentrations of methylene chloride at or above the ECEL action level but at or below the ECEL.

(iv) Currency of monitoring data. Owners or operators are not permitted to rely on monitoring data that is more than 5 years old to demonstrate compliance with initial or periodic monitoring requirements for either the ECEL or the EPA STEL.

(2) Initial monitoring. By November 9, 2026 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal Government, by May 5, 2025 for other owners and operators, or within 30 days of introduction of methylene chloride into the workplace, whichever is later, each owner or operator covered by this section must perform an initial exposure monitoring to determine each potentially exposed person's exposure, unless:

(i) An owner or operator has objective data generated within the last 5 years prior to May 8, 2024 that demonstrates to EPA that methylene chloride cannot be released in the workplace in airborne concentrations at or above the ECEL action level (1-ppm 8-hour TWA) or above the EPA STEL (16 ppm 15-minute TWA) and that the data represents the highest methylene chloride exposures likely to occur under conditions of use described in paragraph (a) of this section; or

(ii) Where potentially exposed persons are exposed to methylene chloride for fewer than 30 days per year, and the owner or operator has measurements by direct-metering devices which give immediate results and which provide sufficient information regarding exposures to determine and implement the control measures that are necessary to reduce exposures to below the ECEL action level and EPA STEL.

(3) Periodic monitoring. The owner or operator must establish an exposure monitoring program for periodic monitoring of exposure to methylene chloride in accordance with table 1.

(4) Additional monitoring. The owner or operator must conduct the exposure monitoring required by paragraph (d)(2) of this section within 30 days after any change that may reasonably be expected to introduce additional sources of exposure to methylene chloride, or otherwise result in increased exposure to methylene chloride compared to the most recent monitoring event. Examples of situations that may require additional monitoring include changes in production, process, control equipment, or work practices, or a leak, rupture, or other breakdown.

(5) Notification of monitoring results. (i) The owner or operator must inform potentially exposed persons of monitoring results within 15 working days.

(ii) This notification must include the following:

(A) Exposure monitoring results;

(B) Identification and explanation of the ECEL, ECEL Action Level, and EPA STEL;

(C) Whether the airborne concentration of methylene chloride exceeds the ECEL action level, ECEL or the EPA STEL;

(D) If the ECEL or EPA STEL is exceeded, descriptions of actions taken by the owner or operator to reduce exposure in accordance with paragraph (e)(1)((i) of this section;

(E) Explanation of any required respiratory protection provided in accordance with as paragraphs (e)(1)(ii) and (f) of this section;

(F) Quantity of methylene chloride in use at the time of monitoring;

(G) Location of methylene chloride use at the time of monitoring;

(H) Manner of methylene chloride use at the time of monitoring; and

(I) Identified releases of methylene chloride.

(iii) Notice must be provided in plain language writing, in a language that the person understands, to each potentially exposed person or posted in an appropriate and accessible location outside the regulated area with an English-language version and a non-English language version representing the language of the largest group of workers who do not read English.

(6) Observation of monitoring. (i) The owner or operator must provide affected potentially exposed persons an opportunity to observe exposure monitoring conducted in accordance with this paragraph (d) that is representative of the potentially exposed person's exposure.

(ii) The owner or operator must ensure that potentially exposed persons are provided with personal protective equipment appropriate for the observation of monitoring.

(e) ECEL control procedures and plan—(1) Methods of compliance. (i) By May 10, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal Government, or by October 30, 2025 for other owners and operators, the owner or operator must institute one or a combination of elimination, substitution, engineering controls, work practices, or administrative controls to reduce exposure to or below the ECEL and EPA STEL except to the extent that the owner or operator can demonstrate that such controls are not feasible.

(ii) If the feasible controls, required by paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section that can be instituted do not reduce exposures for potentially exposed persons to or below the ECEL or EPA STEL, then the owner or operator must use such controls to reduce exposure to the lowest levels achievable by these controls and must supplement those controls with the use of respiratory protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section to reduce exposures to or below the ECEL or EPA STEL.

(iii) Where an owner or operator cannot demonstrate exposure below the ECEL, including through the use of all feasible engineering controls, work practices, or administrative controls as described in paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section, and, has not demonstrated that it has appropriately supplemented with respiratory protection that complies with the requirements of paragraphs (e)(1)(ii) and (f) of this section, this will constitute a failure to comply with the ECEL.

(iv) For the Department of Defense and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Department of Defense, in the event that ongoing or planned construction is necessary to implement the feasible controls required by paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section such that no one is exposed above the ECEL or EPA STEL, the deadlines in paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section are extended to May 7, 2029. Ongoing or planned construction efforts to address exposures above the ECEL and EPA STEL must be documented in the exposure control plan required by paragraph (e)(2) of this section.

(2) Exposure control plan. By May 10, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal Government, or by October 30, 2025 for other owners and operators, the owner or operator must develop and implement an exposure control plan.

(i) Exposure control plan contents. The exposure control plan must include documentation of the following:

(A) Identification of exposure controls that were considered, including those that were used or not used to meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section, in the following sequence—elimination, substitution, engineering controls, and work practices and administrative controls;

(B) For each exposure control considered, a rationale for why the exposure control was selected or not selected based on feasibility, effectiveness, and other relevant considerations;

(C) A description of actions the owner or operator must take to implement the exposure controls selected, including proper installation, regular inspections, maintenance, training, or other actions;

(D) A description of regulated areas, how they are demarcated, and persons authorized to enter the regulated areas;

(E) A description of activities conducted by the owner or operator to review and update the exposure control plan to ensure effectiveness of the exposure controls, identify any necessary updates to the exposure controls, and confirm that all persons are properly implementing the exposure controls; and

(F) An explanation of the procedures for responding to any change that may reasonably be expected to introduce additional sources of exposure to methylene chloride, or otherwise result in increased exposure to methylene chloride, including procedures for implementing corrective actions to mitigate exposure to methylene chloride.

(ii) Exposure control plan requirements. (A) The owner or operator must not implement a schedule of personnel rotation as a means of compliance with the ECEL.

(B) The owner or operator must maintain the effectiveness of any controls, instituted under paragraph (e) of this section.

(C) The exposure control plan must be reviewed and updated as necessary, but at least every 5 years, to reflect any significant changes in the status of the owner or operator's approach to compliance with paragraphs (c) through (e) of this section.

(iii) Availability of exposure control plan. (A) Owners or operators must make the exposure control plan and associated records, including exposure monitoring, respiratory protection program implementation, and dermal protection program implementation records, available to potentially exposed persons.

(B) Owners or operators must notify potentially exposed persons of the availability of the plan and associated records within 30 days of the date that the exposure control plan is completed and at least annually thereafter. The notification must be provided in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (d)(5)(iii) of this section.

(C) Upon request by the potentially exposed person, the owner or operator must provide the specified records at a reasonable time, place, and manner. If the owner or operator is unable to provide the requested records within 15 days, the owner or operator must, within those 15 days, inform the potentially exposed person requesting the record(s) of the reason for the delay and the earliest date when the record can be made available.

(3) Respirator requirements. The owner or operator must supply a respirator, selected in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section, to each potentially exposed person who enters a regulated area and must ensure each potentially exposed person uses that respirator whenever methylene chloride exposures may exceed the ECEL or EPA STEL.

(f) Respiratory protection—(1) Respirator conditions. After February 8, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal Government, after August 1, 2025 for other owners and operators, or within 3 months after receipt of the results of any exposure monitoring as described in paragraph (d) of this section, owners or operators must provide respiratory protection to all potentially exposed persons in the regulated area as outlined in paragraph (c)(3) of this section, and according to the provisions outlined in 29 CFR 1910.134(a) through (l) (except 29 CFR 1910.134(d)(1)(iii)) and as specified in this paragraph (f) for potentially exposed persons exposed to methylene chloride in concentrations above the ECEL or the EPA STEL. For the purpose of this paragraph (f), the maximum use concentration (MUC) as used in 29 CFR 1910.134 must be calculated by multiplying the assigned protection factor (APF) specified for a respirator by the ECEL or EPA STEL.

(2) Respirator selection criteria. The type of respiratory protection that regulated entities must select and provide to potentially exposed persons in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1052(g)(3)(i), is directly related to the monitoring results, as follows:

(i) If the measured exposure concentration is at or below the ECEL or EPA STEL: no respiratory protection is required.

(ii) If the measured exposure concentration is above 2 ppm and less than or equal to 50 ppm: the respirator protection required is any NIOSH Approved® supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with a loose-fitting facepiece or helmet/hood (APF 25).

(iii) If the measured exposure concentration is above 50 ppm and less than or equal to 100 ppm the respirator protection required is:

(A) Any NIOSH Approved® Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or airline respirator in a demand mode equipped with a full facepiece (APF 50); or

(B) Any NIOSH Approved® Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) in demand-mode equipped with a full facepiece or helmet/hood (APF 50).

(iv) If the measured exposure concentration is unknown or at any value above 100 ppm and up to 2,000 ppm the respirator protection required is:

(A) Any NIOSH Approved® Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or airline respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with a full facepiece or certified helmet/hood that has been tested to demonstrate performance at a level of a protection of APF 1,000 or greater. (APF 1,000); or

(B) Any NIOSH Approved® Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or airline respirator in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode equipped with a full facepiece and an auxiliary self-contained air supply (APF 1,000); or

(C) Any NIOSH Approved® Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode equipped with a full facepiece or certified helmet/hood (APF 10,000).

(3) Minimal respiratory protection. Requirements outlined in paragraph (e)(2) of this section represent the minimum respiratory protection requirements, such that any respirator affording a higher degree of protection than the required respirator may be used.

(g) Dermal protection. (1) After February 8, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal Government, or after August 1, 2025 for other owners and operators, owners or operators must require the donning of gloves that are chemically resistant to methylene chloride with activity-specific training where dermal contact with methylene chloride is possible, after application of the requirements in paragraph (e) of this section, in accordance with the NIOSH hierarchy of controls.

(2) Owners or operators must minimize and protect potentially exposed persons from dermal exposure in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1052(h) and (i).

(h) Training. Owners or operators must provide training in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1052(l)(1) through (6) to potentially exposed persons prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving potential exposure to methylene chloride. In addition, if respiratory protection or PPE must be worn within a regulated area, owners or operators must provide training in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132(f) to potentially exposed persons within that regulated area.

§ 751.111 — Downstream notification.

(a) After August 26, 2019, and before October 7, 2024, each person who manufactures (including imports), and before December 4, 2024 processes or distributes in commerce methylene chloride for any use must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify companies to whom methylene chloride is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in § 751.105. Notification must occur by inserting the following text in section 1(c) and section 15 of the SDS provided with the methylene chloride or with any methylene chloride-containing product:

(b) Beginning on October 7, 2024, each person who manufactures (including import) methylene chloride for any use must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify companies to whom methylene chloride is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in this subpart in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section.

(c) Beginning on December 4, 2024, each person who processes or distributes in commerce methylene chloride or methylene chloride-containing products for any use must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify companies to whom methylene chloride is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in this subpart in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section.

(d) The notification required under paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section must occur by inserting the following text in section 1(c) and section 15 of the SDS provided with the methylene chloride or with any methylene chloride-containing product:

§ 751.113 — Recordkeeping requirements.

(a) General records. Each person who manufactures (including imports), processes, or distributes in commerce any methylene chloride after August 26, 2019, must retain in one location at the headquarters of the company, or at the facility for which the records were generated beginning July 8, 2024, documentation showing:

(1) The name, address, contact, and telephone number of companies to whom methylene chloride was shipped;

(2) A copy of the notification provided under § 751.111; and

(3) The amount of methylene chloride shipped.

(b) Exposure control records. Owners or operators must retain records of:

(1) The exposure control plan as described in § 751.109(e)(2);

(2) Implementation of the exposure control plan described in § 751.109(e)(2), including:

(i) Any regular inspections, evaluations, and updating of the exposure controls to maintain effectiveness; and

(ii) Confirmation that all persons are properly implementing the exposure controls.

(3) Personal protective equipment (PPE) and respiratory protection used by potentially exposed persons and program implementation, including fit-testing, pursuant to § 751.109(f) and (g);

(4) Information and training provided pursuant to § 751.109(h); and

(5) Occurrence and duration of any start-up, shutdown, or malfunction of exposure controls or of facility equipment that causes air concentrations to be above the ECEL or EPA STEL and subsequent corrective actions taken during start-up, shutdown, or malfunctions to mitigate exposures to methylene chloride.

(c) Objective data. Objective data generated during the previous 5 years, when used to forgo the initial exposure monitoring, must include:

(1) The use of methylene chloride being evaluated;

(2) The source of objective data;

(3) The measurement methods, measurement results, and measurement analysis of the use of methylene chloride; and

(4) Any other relevant data to the operations, processes, or person's exposure.

(d) Exposure monitoring records. (1) Owners or operators are required to retain monitoring records that include, at minimum, the information described at 29 CFR 1910.1052(m)(2)(ii)(A) through (F). For the purposes of this paragraph (d)(1), cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.1052(m)(2)(ii) applying to an “employee” apply equally to potentially exposed persons and cross-referenced provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(2) For each monitoring event of methylene chloride required under this subpart, owners or operators must also document the following:

(i) All measurements that may be necessary to determine the conditions that may affect the monitoring results;

(ii) The identity of all other potentially exposed persons whose exposure was not measured and whose exposure is intended to be represented by the area or representative sampling monitoring;

(iii) Use of established analytical methods;

(iv) Compliance with the Good Laboratory Practice Standards in accordance with 40 CFR part 792 or use of a laboratory accredited by the AIHA or another industry-recognized program; and

(v) Information regarding air monitoring equipment including: Type, maintenance, calibrations, performance tests, limits of detection, and any malfunctions.

(3) Owners or operators must maintain copies of exposure monitoring notifications provided pursuant to § 751.109(d)(5).

(e) Availability of exposure control plans. Owners or operators must document the notice to and ability of any potentially exposed persons to access the exposure control plan and other associated records in accordance with § 751.109(e)(2)(iii).

(f) Records related to exemptions. To maintain eligibility for an exemption described in § 751.115, the records maintained by the owners or operators must demonstrate compliance with the specific conditions of the exemption.

(g) Records related to the refinishing of wooden furniture, decorative pieces, and architectural fixtures. (1) Owners and operators of workplaces engaged in the industrial or commercial use of methylene chloride for the refinishing of wooden furniture, decorative pieces, and architectural fixtures of artistic, cultural, or historic value must document each instance of refinishing such pieces.

(2) The documentation required by paragraph (g)(1) of this section must include:

(i) The date of the refinishing activity;

(ii) A description of the wooden piece that was refinished and an explanation of its artistic, cultural, or historic value;

(iii) The name of the owner of the refinished wooden piece;

(iv) The name of the individual(s) that refinished the wooden piece;

(v) A description of the methylene chloride product used and the quantity of the product used to perform the refinishing; and

(vi) Records demonstrating compliance with the requirements of § 751.117.

(h) Minimum record retention period. The records required under this section must be retained for at least 5 years from the date that such records were generated.

§ 751.115 — Exemptions.

(a) In general. (1) Time-limited exemptions described in this section are established in accordance with 15 U.S.C. 2605(g)(1).

(2) To be eligible for the exemptions established in this section, regulated parties must comply with all conditions promulgated in this section for such exemptions in accordance with 15 U.S.C. 2605(g)(4).

(b) Exemption for emergency use by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Under 15 U.S.C. 2605(g)(1)(A), the use of methylene chloride or methylene chloride-containing products in an emergency by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and its contractors operating within the scope of their contracted work for the conditions of use identified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section is exempt from the requirements of § 751.107(b)(3) through (6) until May 8, 2034.

(1) Applicability. This exemption shall apply to the following specific conditions of use:

(i) Industrial and commercial use as solvent for cold cleaning;

(ii) Industrial and commercial use as a solvent for aerosol spray degreaser/cleaner;

(iii) Industrial and commercial use in adhesives, sealants, and caulks;

(iv) Industrial and commercial use in adhesive and caulk removers;

(v) Industrial and commercial use in metal non-aerosol degreasers;

(vi) Industrial and commercial use in non-aerosol degreasers and cleaners; and

(vii) Industrial and commercial use as solvent that becomes part of a formulation or mixture.

(2) Emergency use—(i) In general. An emergency is a serious and sudden situation requiring immediate action, within 15 days or less, necessary to protect:

(A) Safety of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's or their contractors' personnel;

(B) The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's missions;

(C) Human health, safety, or property, including that of adjacent communities; or

(D) The environment.

(ii) Duration. Each emergency is a separate situation; if use of methylene chloride exceeds 15 days, then justification must be documented.

(3) Eligibility. To be eligible for the exemption, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and its contractors must:

(i) Select methylene chloride because there are no technically and economically feasible safer alternatives available during the emergency.

(ii) Perform the emergency use of methylene chloride at locations controlled by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration or its contractors.

(iii) Comply with the following conditions:

(A) Notification. Within 15 working days of the emergency use by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration or its contractors, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and its contractors must provide notice to the EPA Assistant Administrators of both the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance and the Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention that includes the following:

(1) Identification of the condition of use detailed in paragraph (b)(1) of this section to which the emergency use applies;

(2) An explanation for why the emergency use met the definition of emergency in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section; and

(3) An explanation of why methylene chloride was selected, including why there were no technically and economically feasible safer alternatives available in the particular emergency.

(B) Exposure. The owner or operator must comply with and document such compliance efforts under the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.109, to the extent technically feasible in light of the particular emergency.

(C) Recordkeeping. The owner or operator of the location where the use takes place must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.113.

§ 751.117 — Interim requirements for paint and coating removal for the refinishing of wooden furniture, decorative pieces, and architectural fixtures of artistic, cultural, or historic value.

Beginning July 8, 2024, and notwithstanding the timeframes identified in § 751.109, all persons using methylene chloride, including any methylene chloride containing products, for industrial and commercial use for the refinishing of wooden furniture, decorative pieces and architectural fixtures of artistic, cultural, or historic value must:

(a) Establish a regulated area in accordance with § 751.109(c)(3);

(b) Use local exhaust ventilation, both bringing air in from outside and pulling methylene chloride vapors away from the potentially exposed person; and

(c) Provide minimum respiratory protection:

(1) Use any NIOSH Approved® Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or airline respirator in a demand mode equipped with a full facepiece (APF 50) or any NIOSH Approved® Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) in demand-mode equipped with a full facepiece or helmet/hood (APF 50); or

(2) Use the appropriate respirator based on initial monitoring as identified in § 751.109(f)(2).

(d) Comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.113(g).

§ 751.301 — General.

(a) Applicability. This subpart sets certain restrictions on the manufacture (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, use, and disposal of trichloroethylene (TCE) (CASRN 79-01-6) to prevent unreasonable risk of injury to health in accordance with TSCA section 6(a).

(b) Regulatory threshold. Unless otherwise specified in this subpart, the prohibitions and restrictions of this subpart do not apply to products containing TCE at thresholds less than 0.1 percent by weight. This threshold does not apply to wastewater.

(c) Byproducts within site-limited, physically enclosed systems. Unless otherwise specified in this subpart, the prohibitions and restrictions of this subpart do not apply to TCE processed as a byproduct when that byproduct TCE is processed within a site-limited, physically enclosed system that is part of the same overall manufacturing process from which the byproduct TCE was generated. This exclusion does not permit TCE to be present in any product that results from such site-limited, physically enclosed systems, except as permitted by paragraph (b) of this section.

(d) Owner and operator requirements. Any requirement for an owner or operator or an owner and operator is a requirement for any individual that is either an owner or an operator.

§ 751.303 — Definitions.

The definitions in subpart A of this part apply to this subpart unless otherwise specified in this section. In addition, the following definitions apply:

Distribute in commerce has the same meaning as in section 3 of the Act, except that the term does not include retailers for purposes of § 751.321 and § 751.323.

Interim ECEL means a concentration of airborne TCE of 0.2 parts per million (ppm) calculated as an eight (8)-hour time weighted average (TWA) that will be in place only for the timeframes indicated for specified conditions of use, after which prohibitions would take effect.

Interim ECEL action level means a concentration of airborne TCE of 0.1 parts per million (ppm) calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA).

Site-limited has the same meaning as in 40 CFR 711.3.

§ 751.305 — Prohibitions of manufacturing, processing, distribution in commerce, use and disposal.

(a) Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to the following:

(1) Manufacturing (including importing and manufacturing for export);

(2) Processing (including processing for export);

(3) All industrial and commercial uses;

(4) All consumer uses;

(5) Distribution in commerce; and

(6) Disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works.

(b) Prohibitions. (1) After March 17, 2025, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing and manufacturing for export) TCE, except as specified for manufacturing in paragraphs (b)(5) through (25) of this section.

(2) After June 16, 2025, all persons are prohibited from processing (including processing for export) and distributing in commerce (including making available) TCE, including any TCE-containing products, except as specified for processing or distributing in commerce in paragraphs (b)(5) through (25) of this section, and all retailers are prohibited from distributing in commerce (including making available) TCE for any use.

(3) After September 15, 2025, all persons are prohibited from industrial and commercial use of TCE, including any TCE-containing products, except as specified for industrial or commercial use in paragraphs (b)(5) through (25) of this section.

(4) After September 15, 2025, all persons manufacturing (including importing), processing, and using TCE are prohibited from disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works except as specified in paragraphs (b)(14), (23) (24), and (26) of this section.

(5) After June 16, 2025, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing) TCE for industrial and commercial use for batch vapor degreasing in open-top and closed-loop degreasing equipment, except for the use specified in paragraphs (b)(11), (15), (16), (17), (20), and (21) of this section.

(6) After September 15, 2025, all persons are prohibited from processing TCE for industrial and commercial use for batch vapor degreasing in open-top and closed-loop degreasing equipment, except for the use specified in paragraphs (b)(11), (15), (16), (17), (20), and (21) of this section.

(7) After December 18, 2025, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE for batch vapor degreasing in open-top and closed-loop degreasing equipment, except for the use specified in paragraphs (b)(11), (15), (16), (17), (20), and (21) of this section.

(8) After June 10, 2026, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing) TCE for: (i) Processing of TCE as a reactant/intermediate, except for the use as specified in paragraph (b)(18) of this section; and (ii) Processing TCE for the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a processing aid for: process solvent used in battery manufacture; process solvent used in polymer fiber spinning, fluoroelastomer manufacture and Alcantara manufacture; extraction solvent used in caprolactam manufacture; precipitant used in beta-cyclodextrin manufacture, except for those uses specified in paragraphs (b)(14), (23) and (24) of this section.

(9) After December 18, 2026, all persons are prohibited from: (i) Processing TCE as a reactant/intermediate, except for the use as specified in paragraph (b)(18) of this section; and (ii) Processing for and industrial and commercial use of TCE as a processing aid in: process solvent used in battery manufacture; process solvent used in polymer fiber spinning, fluoroelastomer manufacture and Alcantara manufacture; extraction solvent used in caprolactam manufacture; precipitant used in beta-cyclodextrin manufacture, except for those uses specified in paragraphs (b)(14), (23) and (24) of this section.

(10) After December 18, 2027, all persons are prohibited from industrial and commercial use of TCE in energized electrical cleaners and from the manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such a use.

(11) After December 18, 2029, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a solvent in closed-loop batch vapor degreasing for rayon fabric scouring for end use in producing rocket booster nozzles for Federal agencies and their contractors, and manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use. If such persons obtain and maintain the records required by §§ 751.309 and 751.323 demonstrating that a final pre-launch test was completed using an alternative to TCE in the production of the rocket booster nozzles, the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a solvent in closed-loop batch vapor degreasing for rayon fabric scouring for end use in producing rocket booster nozzles for Federal agencies and their contractors, and manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use may continue beyond December 18, 2029.

(12) After December 18, 2029, all persons are prohibited from industrial and commercial use of TCE in adhesives and sealants for essential aerospace applications, and from the manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such uses.

(13) After December 18, 2029, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a laboratory chemical for asphalt testing and recovery using manual centrifuge processes, and manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use, as further detailed in § 751.311.

(14) After December 18, 2029, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a processing aid for lithium battery separator manufacturing, and the manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use as well as the disposal of TCE from such industrial or commercial use to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works.

(15) After December 18, 2029, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE for batch vapor degreasing for land-based DoD defense systems by Federal agencies and their contractors, and from the manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use.

(16) After December 18, 2031, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a solvent in closed-loop batch vapor degreasing necessary for rocket engine cleaning by Federal Agencies and their contractors as described in § 751.325(b)(1) and the manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use.

(17) After December 18, 2031, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a solvent in closed-loop and open-top batch vapor degreasing for essential aerospace parts and components and narrow tubing for medical devices, and manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use as described in § 751.325(b)(2).

(18) After June 18, 2033, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE as an intermediate for manufacturing hydrofluorocarbon 134-a, also known as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluroethane (HFC-134a: CASRN 811-97-2), and manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce for such use as described in § 751.307.

(19) After December 18, 2034, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE in laboratory use for asphalt testing and recovery, and manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use, as described in § 751.311.

(20) After December 18, 2034, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a solvent in closed-loop batch vapor degreasing for rayon fabric scouring for end use in producing rocket booster nozzles for Federal agencies and their contractors, and manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use.

(21) After December 18, 2034, for vessels of the Armed Forces and their systems, and in the maintenance, fabrication, and sustainment for and of such vessels and systems, prohibit the industrial and commercial use of TCE as (and manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for): potting compounds for naval electronic systems and equipment; sealing compounds for high and ultra-high vacuum systems; bonding compounds for materials testing and maintenance of underwater systems and bonding of nonmetallic materials; and cleaning agents to satisfy cleaning requirements (which includes degreasing using wipes, sprays, solvents and vapor degreasing) for: materials and components required for military ordnance testing; temporary resin repairs in vessel spaces where welding is not authorized; ensuring polyurethane adhesion for electronic systems and equipment repair and installation of elastomeric materials; various naval combat systems, radars, sensors, equipment; fabrication and prototyping processes to remove coolant and other residue from machine parts; machined part fabrications for naval systems; installation of topside rubber tile material aboard vessels; and vapor degreasing required for substrate surface preparation prior to electroplating processes.

(22) After December 18, 2034, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, or use of TCE, including any TCE containing products, for industrial or commercial use in an emergency by NASA or its contractors as described in § 751.325(b)(4), and manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use.

(23) After December 18, 2044, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a processing aid for lead-acid battery separator manufacturing, and the manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use, as well as the disposal of TCE from such industrial or commercial use to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works.

(24) After December 18, 2039, all persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a processing aid for specialty polymeric microporous sheet materials manufacturing, and the manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such use, as well as the disposal of TCE from such industrial or commercial use to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works.

(25) After December 18, 2074, all persons are prohibited from industrial and commercial uses of TCE for the laboratory uses described in § 751.325(b)(7), and from the manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for such uses.

(26) After December 18, 2074, all persons are prohibited from disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works for the purposes of cleanup projects of TCE-contaminated water and groundwater as described in § 751.325(b)(8).

§ 751.307 — Phase-out of processing trichloroethylene to manufacture of HFC-134a.

(a) Baseline. Before June 16, 2025, each manufacturer of HFC-134a who processes TCE as an intermediate must establish a baseline annual volume of TCE processed as an intermediate.

(1) The manufacturer must use the average annual volume of any 12 consecutive months in the 3 years preceding December 17, 2024 to calculate the baseline.

(2) The manufacturer must retain records that demonstrate how the baseline annual volume was calculated, in accordance with § 751.323(d)(1).

(b) Phase-out. (1) Beginning June 7, 2027, each manufacturer of HFC-134a who processes TCE as an intermediate is not permitted to process TCE as an intermediate at an annual volume greater than 75 percent of the baseline.

(2) Beginning June 18, 2029, each manufacturer of HFC-134a who processes TCE as an intermediate is not permitted to process TCE as an intermediate at an annual volume greater than 50 percent of the baseline.

(3) Beginning June 18, 2031, each manufacturer of HFC-134a who processes TCE as an intermediate is not permitted to process TCE as an intermediate at an annual volume greater than 25 percent of the baseline so established.

(4) Beginning June 18, 2033, each manufacturer of HFC-134a who processes TCE as an intermediate is prohibited from processing TCE as an intermediate.

(c) Workplace chemical protection program. The owner or operator of the location where TCE is processed as an intermediate in accordance with this section, and manufacturers (including importers) and processors of TCE for such use, must comply with § 751.315.

(d) Recordkeeping. The owner or operator of the location where TCE is processed as an intermediate in accordance with this section must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

§ 751.309 — Phase-out of trichloroethylene use in vapor degreasing for rocket booster nozzles.

(a) In accordance with § 751.305(b)(11), until December 18, 2029, TCE may be used as a solvent in closed-loop batch vapor degreasing for rayon fabric scouring for end use in producing rocket booster nozzles for Federal agencies and their contractors, and manufactured (including imported), processed, and distributed in commerce for such use.

(b) From December 18, 2029, until December 18, 2034, TCE may only be used as a solvent in closed-loop batch vapor degreasing for rayon fabric scouring for end use in producing rocket booster nozzles, and manufactured (including imported), processed, and distributed in commerce for such use, by Federal agencies and their contractors who maintain records demonstrating that a final pre-launch test of rocket booster nozzles without using TCE was completed.

(c) If a suitable alternative to TCE is identified and validated before the end of this phase-out period, Federal agencies and their contractors must transition to that alternative.

(d) The owner or operator of the location where TCE is used as a solvent in closed-loop batch vapor degreasing for rayon fabric scouring for end use in producing rocket booster nozzles in accordance with this section, and manufacturers (including importers) and processors of TCE for such use, must comply with § 751.315.

(e) The owner or operator of the location where TCE is used as a solvent in closed-loop batch vapor degreasing for rayon fabric scouring for end use in producing rocket booster nozzles in accordance with this section must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

§ 751.311 — Phase-out of TCE use in the industrial and commercial use of TCE in laboratory use in asphalt testing and recovery.

(a) In accordance with § 751.305(b)(18), until December 18, 2034, TCE may be manufactured (including imported), processed, distributed in commerce, and used in industrial and commercial use of TCE in laboratory use for asphalt testing and recovery.

(b) From December 18, 2029, until December 18, 2034, TCE is only permitted to be manufactured (including imported), processed, distributed in commerce, and used in industrial and commercial use of TCE in laboratory use for asphalt testing and recovery for methods that do not include manual centrifuge processes.

(c) The use of TCE as a laboratory chemical must be performed on the premises of a laboratory.

(d) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE as a laboratory chemical occurs, and manufacturers (including importers) and processors of TCE for such use, must comply with the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.315.

(e) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE as a laboratory chemical occurs must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

§ 751.313 — Phase-out of disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, treatment, or publicly owned treatment works.

(a) After September 15, 2025, all persons manufacturing (including importing), processing, and using TCE are prohibited from disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works except as specified in the other subsections of this unit.

(b) After December 18, 2029, all industrial and commercial users of TCE for lithium battery separator manufacturing are prohibited from disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works.

(c) After December 18, 2039, all industrial and commercial users of TCE for specialty polymeric microporous sheet materials manufacturing are prohibited from disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works.

(d) After December 18, 2044, all industrial and commercial users of TCE for lead-acid battery separator manufacturing are prohibited from disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works.

(e) The owner or operator of the location where disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, treatment, or to a publicly owned treatment works occurs must comply with the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.315.

(f) The owner or operator of the publicly owned treatment works where disposal of TCE occurs must comply with the wastewater workplace protections in § 751.319.

(g) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE occurs must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

§ 751.315 — Workplace chemical protection program.

(a) Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to the following conditions of use of TCE when permitted to continue beyond December 18, 2025, pursuant to accordance with §§ 751.305(b)(8) through (25), 751.307, 751.309, and 751.311:

(1) Manufacturing (domestic manufacture);

(2) Manufacturing (import);

(3) Processing as a reactant/intermediate;

(4) Processing into formulation, mixture, or reaction product;

(5) Processing (repackaging);

(6) Processing (recycling);

(7) Industrial and commercial use of TCE as a processing aid in: process solvent used in battery manufacture; process solvent used in polymer fiber spinning, fluoroelastomer manufacture and Alcantara manufacture; extraction solvent used in caprolactam manufacture; precipitant used in beta-cyclodextrin manufacture;

(8) Industrial and commercial use of TCE as an adhesive and sealant for essential aerospace applications;

(9) Industrial and commercial use of TCE in other miscellaneous industrial and commercial uses (laboratory use);

(10) Industrial and commercial use of TCE as a solvent in closed-loop batch vapor degreasing for rayon fabric scouring for end use in rocket booster nozzle production by Federal agencies and their contractors;

(11) Industrial and commercial use of TCE in closed-loop or open-top batch vapor degreasing for essential aerospace parts and components and narrow tubing used for medical devices;

(12) Industrial and commercial use of TCE for vessels of the Armed Forces and their systems, and in the maintenance, fabrication, and sustainment for and of such vessels and systems; as potting compounds for naval electronic systems and equipment; sealing compounds for high and ultra-high vacuum systems; bonding compounds for materials testing and maintenance of underwater systems and bonding of nonmetallic materials; and cleaning agents to satisfy cleaning requirements (which includes degreasing using wipes, sprays, solvents and vapor degreasing) for: materials and components required for military ordnance testing; temporary resin repairs in vessel spaces where welding is not authorized; ensuring polyurethane adhesion for electronic systems and equipment repair and installation of elastomeric materials; various naval combat systems, radars, sensors, equipment; fabrication and prototyping processes to remove coolant and other residue from machine parts; machined part fabrications for naval systems; installation of topside rubber tile material aboard vessels; and vapor degreasing required for substrate surface preparation prior to electroplating processes;

(13) Industrial and commercial use of TCE as a solvent in closed-loop batch vapor degreasing necessary for rocket engine cleaning by Federal agencies and their contractors;

(14) Industrial and commercial use of TCE in batch vapor degreasing for land-based DoD defense systems by Federal agencies and their contractors; and

(15) Disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works, except to the extent that the activity is covered by the workplace protections in § 751.319.

(b) Interim existing chemical exposure limit (interim ECEL)—(1) Applicability. The provisions of this paragraph (b) apply to any workplace engaged in the conditions of use listed in paragraphs (a)(1) through (15) of this section.

(2) Interim ECEL. Beginning September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 15, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, or beginning 120 days after introduction of TCE into the workplace if TCE use commences after June 16, 2025, the owner or operator must ensure that no person is exposed to an airborne concentration of TCE in excess of the interim ECEL, consistent with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section and, if necessary, paragraph (e)(1) of this section.

(3) Exposure monitoring—(i) General. (A) Owners or operators must determine each potentially exposed person's exposure, without regard to respiratory protection, by either:

(1) Taking a personal breathing zone air sample of each potentially exposed person's exposure; or

(2) Taking personal breathing zone air samples that are representative of the 8-hour TWA of each exposure group.

(B) Personal breathing zone air samples are representative of the 8-hour TWA of all potentially exposed persons in an exposure group if the samples are of at least one person's work-shift exposure who represents the highest potential TCE exposures in that exposure group. Personal breathing zone air samples taken during one work shift may be used to represent potentially exposed person exposures on other work shifts where the owner or operator can document that the tasks performed and conditions in the workplace are similar across shifts.

(C) Exposure samples must be analyzed using an appropriate analytical method by a laboratory that complies with the Good Laboratory Practice Standards in 40 CFR part 792 or a laboratory accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) or another industry-recognized program.

(D) Owners or operators must ensure that methods used to perform exposure monitoring produce results that are accurate, to a confidence level of 95 percent, to within plus or minus 25 percent for airborne concentrations of TCE.

(E) Owners and operators must re-monitor within 15 working days after receipt of any exposure monitoring when results indicate non-detect unless an Environmental Professional as defined at 40 CFR 312.10 or a Certified Industrial Hygienist reviews the monitoring results and determines re-monitoring is not necessary.

(ii) Initial monitoring. By June 21, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by June 16, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators or within 30 days of introduction of TCE into the workplace, whichever is later, each owner or operator covered by this section must perform initial monitoring of potentially exposed persons. Where the owner or operator has monitoring results from monitoring conducted within five years prior to February 18, 2025 and the monitoring satisfies all other requirements of this section, the owner or operator may rely on such earlier monitoring results to satisfy the requirements of this paragraph.

(iii) Periodic monitoring. The owner or operator must establish an exposure monitoring program for periodic monitoring of exposure to TCE in accordance with Table 1.

(iv) Additional monitoring. (A) The owner or operator must conduct the exposure monitoring required by paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section within 30 days after there has been a change in the production, process, control equipment, personnel or work practices that may reasonably be expected to result in new or additional exposures above the interim ECEL action level or when the owner or operator has any reason to believe that new or additional exposures above the interim ECEL action level have occurred. Prior monitoring data cannot be used to meet this requirement.

(B) Whenever start-ups or shutdown, or spills, leaks, ruptures, or other breakdowns or unexpected releases occur that may lead to exposure to potentially exposed persons, the owner or operator must conduct the exposure monitoring required by paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section within 30 days after the conclusion of the start-up or shut down and/or the cleanup of the spill or repair of the leak, rupture, or other breakdown. Prior monitoring data cannot be used to meet this requirement.

(v) Observation of monitoring. (A) Owners and operators must provide potentially exposed persons or their designated representatives an opportunity to observe any monitoring of occupational exposure to TCE that is conducted under this section and designed to characterize their exposure.

(B) When monitoring observation requires entry into a regulated area, the owner or operator must provide the observers with the required PPE.

(C) Only persons who are authorized to have access to facilities classified in the interest of national security must be permitted to observe exposure monitoring conducted in such facilities.

(vi) Notification of monitoring results. (A) The owner or operator must inform each person whose exposures are monitored or who is part of a monitored exposure group, and their designated representative, of any monitoring results within 15 working days of receipt of those monitoring results.

(B) This notification must include the following:

(1) Exposure monitoring results;

(2) Identification and explanation of the interim ECEL and interim ECEL action level;

(3) Statement of whether the monitored airborne concentration of TCE exceeds the interim ECEL action level or interim ECEL;

(4) If the interim ECEL is exceeded, descriptions of any exposure controls implemented by the owner or operator to reduce exposure to or below the interim ECEL;

(5) Explanation of any respiratory protection provided in accordance with paragraphs (b)(4) and I of this section;

(6) Quantity of TCE in use at the time of monitoring;

(7) Location(s) of TCE use at the time of monitoring;

(8) Manner of TCE use at the time of monitoring; and

(9) Identified releases of TCE.

(C) Notice must be written, in plain language, and either provided to each potentially exposed person individually in a language that the person understands, or posted in an appropriate and accessible location outside the regulated area with an English-language version and a non-English language version representing the language of the largest group of workers who do not read English.

(4) Regulated areas—(i) Establishment. By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 15, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within 90 days after receipt of any exposure monitoring that indicates exposures exceeding the interim ECEL, the owner or operator must establish and maintain a regulated area wherever airborne concentrations of TCE exceed or can reasonably be expected to exceed the interim ECEL.

(ii) Access. The owner or operator must limit access to regulated areas to authorized persons.

(iii) Demarcation. The owner or operator must demarcate regulated areas from the rest of the workplace in a manner that adequately establishes and alerts persons to the boundaries of the area and minimizes the number of authorized persons exposed to TCE within the regulated area.

(iv) Provision of respirators. (A) The owner or operator must ensure that each person who enters a regulated area is supplied with a respirator selected in accordance with paragraph I(e) of this section and must ensure that all persons within the regulated area are using the provided respirators whenever TCE exposures may exceed the interim ECEL, except as provided in paragraph (B) of this section.

(B) An owner or operator who has implemented all feasible controls as required in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, and who has established a regulated area as required by paragraphs (b)(4)(i) of this section where TCE exposure can be reliably predicted to exceed the interim ECEL only on certain days (for example, because of work or process schedule) must have persons use respirators in that regulated area on those days.

(v) Prohibited activities. (A) The owner or operator must ensure that, within a regulated area, persons do not engage in non-work activities which may increase TCE exposure.

(B) The owner or operator must ensure that while persons are wearing respirators in the regulated area, they do not engage in activities which interfere with respirator performance.

(c) Interim ECEL control procedures and plan—(1) Methods of compliance. (i) By December 17, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by December 18, 2025, for non-Federal owners and operators, the owner or operator must institute one or a combination of elimination, substitution, engineering controls or administrative controls to reduce exposure to or below the interim ECEL except to the extent that the owner or operator can demonstrate that such controls are not feasible as an interim measure, in accordance with the hierarchy of controls.

(ii) If the feasible controls required under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section that can be instituted do not reduce exposures for potentially exposed persons to or below the interim ECEL, then the owner or operator must use such controls to reduce exposure to the lowest levels achievable by these controls and must supplement those controls by the use of respiratory protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section.

(iii) Where an owner or operator cannot demonstrate exposure to TCE has been reduced to or below the interim ECEL through the use of controls required under paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section, and has not demonstrated that it has appropriately supplemented feasible exposure controls with respiratory protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section, this will constitute a failure to comply with the interim ECEL.

(2) Exposure control plan. By December 17, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by December 18, 2025, for non-Federal owners and operators, each owner and operator must establish and implement an exposure control plan.

(i) Exposure control plan contents. The exposure control plan must include documentation of the following:

(A) Identification of exposure controls that were considered, including those that were used or not used to meet the requirements of paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, in the following sequence: elimination, substitution, engineering controls and administrative controls;

(B) For each exposure control considered, a rationale for why the exposure control was selected or not selected based on feasibility, effectiveness, and other relevant considerations;

(C) A description of actions the owner or operator must take to implement exposure controls selected, including proper installation, regular inspections, maintenance, training, or other actions;

(D) A description of each regulated area, how they are demarcated, and persons authorized to enter the regulated areas;

(E) Description of activities conducted by the owner or operator to review and update the exposure control plan to ensure effectiveness of the exposure controls, identify any necessary updates to the exposure controls, and confirm that all persons are properly implementing the exposure controls;

(F) An explanation of the procedures for responding to any change that may reasonably be expected to introduce additional sources of exposure to TCE, or otherwise result in increased exposure to TCE, including procedures for implementing corrective actions to mitigate exposure to TCE.

(ii) Exposure control plan requirements. (A) The owner or operator must not implement a schedule of personnel rotation as a means of compliance with the interim ECEL.

(B) The owner or operator must maintain the effectiveness of any controls instituted under this paragraph (c).

(C) The exposure control plan must be reviewed and updated as necessary, but at least every 5 years, to reflect any significant changes in the status of the owner or operator's approach to compliance with paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.

(iii) Availability of exposure control plan. (A) Owners or operators must make the exposure control plan and associated records, including interim ECEL exposure monitoring records, interim ECEL compliance records, and workplace participation records available to potentially exposed persons and their designated representative.

(B) Owners or operators must notify potentially exposed persons and their designated representatives of the availability of the exposure control plan and associated records within 30 days of the date that the exposure control plan is completed and at least annually thereafter.

(C) Notice of the availability of the exposure control plan and associated records must be provided in plain language writing to each potentially exposed person in a language that the person understands or posted in an appropriate and accessible location outside the regulated area with an English-language version and a non-English language version representing the language of the largest group of workers who do not read English.

(D) Upon request by the potentially exposed person or their designated representative(s), the owner or operator must provide the specified records at a reasonable time, place, and manner. If the owner or operator is unable to provide the requested records within 15 working days, the owner or operator must, within those 15 working days, inform the potentially exposed person or designated representative(s) requesting the record(s) of the reason for the delay and the earliest date when the record will be made available.

(d) Workplace information and training. (1) By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 15, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, the owner or operator must institute a training program and ensure that persons potentially exposed to TCE participate in the program according to the requirements of this paragraph (d).

(2) The owner or operator must ensure that each potentially exposed person is trained prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving potential exposure to TCE.

(3) The owner or operator must ensure that information and training is presented in a manner that is understandable to each person required to be trained.

(4) The following information and training must be provided to all persons potentially exposed to TCE:

(i) The requirements of this section, as well as how to access or obtain a copy of these requirements in the workplace;

(ii) The quantity, location, manner of use, release, and storage of TCE and the specific operations in the workplace that could result in exposure to TCE, particularly noting where each regulated area is located;

(iii) Methods and observations that may be used to detect the presence or release of TCE in the workplace (such as monitoring conducted by the owner or operator, continuous monitoring devices, visual appearance, or odor of TCE when being released);

(iv) The acute and chronic health hazards of TCE as detailed on relevant Safety Data Sheets; and

(v) The principles of safe use and handling of TCE and measures potentially exposed persons can take to protect themselves from TCE, including specific procedures the owner or operator has implemented to protect potentially exposed persons from exposure to TCE, such as appropriate work practices, emergency procedures, and personal protective equipment to be used.

(5) The owner or operator must re-train each potentially exposed person annually to ensure that each such person maintains the requisite understanding of the principles of safe use and handling of TCE in the workplace.

(6) Whenever there are workplace changes, such as modifications of tasks or procedures or the institution of new tasks or procedures, that increase exposure, and where those exposures exceed or can reasonably be expected to exceed the interim ECEL action level, the owner or operator must update the training and ensure that each potentially exposed person is re-trained.

(e) Personal protective equipment (PPE)—(1) Respiratory protection. (i) By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 15, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within 90 days after receipt of any exposure monitoring that indicates exposures exceeding the interim ECEL, or, if an owner or operator is required to provide respiratory protection pursuant to paragraphs (b)(4)(iv) and (c)(1)(ii) of this section, the owner or operator must ensure that each potentially exposed person is provided with a respirator according to the requirements of this section.

(ii) For purposes of this paragraph (e)(1) of this section, cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 applying to an “employee” apply equally to potentially exposed persons and cross-referenced provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators. Other terms in cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 that are defined in 29 CFR 1910.134(b) have the meaning assigned to them in that paragraph.

(iii) By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 15, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within 90 days after receipt of any exposure monitoring that indicates exposures exceeding the interim ECEL, if an owner or operator is required to provide respiratory protection pursuant to paragraph (b)(4)(iv) or (c)(1)(ii), the owner or operator must develop and administer a written respiratory protection program consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(c)(1), (c)(3) and (c)(4).

(iv) Owners and operators must select respiratory protection based on a medical evaluation consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(e). If a potentially exposed person cannot use a negative-pressure respirator that would otherwise be required, then the owner or operator must provide that person with an alternative respirator. The alternative respirator must have less breathing resistance than the negative-pressure respirator and provide equivalent or greater protection. If the person is unable to use an alternative respirator, then the person must not be permitted to enter the regulated area.

(v) Owners and operators must select respiratory protection that properly fits each affected person and communicate respirator selections to each affected person consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(f).

(vi) Owners and operators must provide, ensure use of, and maintain (in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition) respiratory protection that is of safe design and construction for the applicable condition of use consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(g) through (j).

(vii) Prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving potential exposure to TCE, owners and operators must provide training to all persons required to use respiratory protection consistent with 29 CFR 1910.134(k).

(viii) Owners and operators must retrain all persons required to use PPE at least annually, or whenever the owner or operator has reason to believe that a previously trained person does not have the required understanding and skill to properly use PPE, or when changes in the workplace or in PPE to be used render the previous training obsolete.

(ix) Owners or operators must select and provide to persons appropriate respirators as indicated by the most recent monitoring results as follows:

(A) If the measured exposure concentration is at or below 0.2 ppm (200 ppb): no respiratory protection is required.

(B) If the measured exposure concentration is above 0.2 ppm (200 ppb) and less than or equal to 2 ppm (2,000 ppb) (10 times interim ECEL): Any National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Approved air-purifying half mask respirator equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; or any NIOSH Approved Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or Airline Respirator operated in demand mode equipped with a half mask; or any NIOSH Approved Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) in a demand mode equipped with a half mask [APF 10].

(C) If the measured exposure concentration is above 2 ppm and less than or equal to 5 ppm (25 times interim ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR) equipped with a loose-fitting facepiece or hood/helmet equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; or any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with a loose-fitting facepiece or helmet/hood [APF 25].

(D) If the measured exposure concentration is above 5 ppm and less than or equal to 10 ppm (50 times interim ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved air-purifying full facepiece respirator equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved PAPR with a half mask equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous flow mode equipped with a half mask; any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode with a half mask; or any NIOSH Approved SCBA in demand-mode equipped with a full facepiece or helmet/hood [APF 50].

(E) If the measured exposure concentration is above 10 ppm and less than or equal to 200 ppm (1,000 times interim ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved PAPR equipped with a full facepiece equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with full facepiece; any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode equipped with a full facepiece and an auxiliary self-contained air supply; or any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with a helmet or hood and that has been tested to demonstrated performance at a level of a protection of APF 1,000 or greater [APF 1000].

(F) If the measured exposure concentration is greater than 200 ppm (1,000+ times interim ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved SCBA equipped with a full facepiece or hood/helmet and operated in a pressure demand or other positive pressure mode; air supply [APF 10,000+].

(G) If the exposure concentration is unknown: Any NIOSH Approved combination SAR equipped with a full facepiece and operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode with an auxiliary self-contained air supply; or any NIOSH Approved SCBA operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode and equipped with a full facepiece or hood/helmet [APF 1000+].

(x) Owners and operators must select and provide respirators consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(d)(1)(iv), and with consideration of workplace and user factors that affect respirator performance and reliability.

(xi) Owners and operators who select air-purifying respirators must either:

(A) Select NIOSH Approved respirators that have an end-of-service-life indicator (ESLI) appropriate for TCE; or

(B) Implement a change schedule for canisters and cartridges based on objective information or data that ensures that canisters and cartridges are changed before the end of their service life. The written respiratory protection program required by paragraph (e)(1)(iii) of this section must include a description of the information and data relied upon, the basis for reliance on the information and data, and the basis for the canister and cartridge change schedule.

(xii) Owners and operators must, consistent with 29 CFR 1910.134(j), ensure that all respirator filters, cartridges, and canisters used in the workplace are labeled and color coded per NIOSH requirements and that the label is not removed and remains legible.

(xiii) Owners and operators must ensure that respirators are used in compliance with the terms of the respirator's NIOSH approval.

(xiv) Owners and operators must conduct regular evaluations of the workplace, including consultations with potentially exposed persons using respiratory protection, consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(l), to ensure that the provisions of the written respiratory protection program required under paragraph (e)(1)(iii) of this section are being effectively implemented.

(xv) The respiratory protection requirements in this paragraph represent the minimum respiratory protection requirements, such that any respirator affording a higher degree of protection than the required respirator may be used.

(2) Dermal protection. (i) By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 15, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, owners and operators must supply and require the donning of gloves by potentially exposed persons that are chemically resistant to TCE where dermal exposure to TCE can be expected to occur, after application of the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section, in accordance with the hierarchy of controls.

(ii) Owners and operators must provide gloves that are of safe design and construction for the work to be performed and that properly fit each person who is required to use gloves.

(iii) Owners and operators must communicate glove selections to each affected person and ensure that each person who is required to wear gloves uses and maintains them in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition.

(iv) Owners and operators must provide activity-specific dermal PPE training in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132(f) to all persons required to use gloves prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving potential dermal exposure to TCE. For the purposes of this paragraph (e)(4)(iv), provisions in 29 CFR 1910.132(f) applying to an “employee” also apply equally to potentially exposed persons, and provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(v) Owners and operators must retrain each person required to use gloves annually or whenever the owner or operator has reason to believe that a previously trained person does not have the required understanding and skill to properly use the gloves, or when changes in the workplace or in PPE to be used render the previous training obsolete.

§ 751.317 — Workplace requirements for energized electrical cleaner.

(a) Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to the industrial and commercial use of TCE in energized electrical cleaner.

(b) Energized electrical cleaner requirements—(1) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). (i) The provisions of this paragraph (b) apply after September 15, 2025.

(ii) Owners or operators must ensure that all potentially exposed persons using TCE, including any TCE-containing products, are provided with dermal PPE and training on proper use of PPE as outlined in § 751.315(e)(2).

(iii) Owners or operators must ensure that all persons using TCE, including any TCE containing products, are provided with respiratory PPE and training on proper use of PPE in accordance with § 751.315(e)(1), except that instead of selecting appropriate respirators based on monitoring results pursuant to paragraph (e)(1)(ix), owners or operators must select from and provide the following types of respirators: any NIOSH Approved air-purifying full facepiece respirator equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR) with a half mask equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or Airline Respirator in a continuous flow mode equipped with a half mask; any NIOSH Approved Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or Airline Respirator operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode with a half mask; any NIOSH Approved SCBA in demand-mode equipped with a full facepiece or helmet/hood [APF 50]; or any respirator affording a higher degree of protection.

(2) Alternative to PPE Requirements. (i) As an alternative to the requirements in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the owner or operator may choose to follow the Workplace Chemical Protection Program (WCPP) provisions in § 751.315.

(ii) Owners or operators who choose to follow the WCPP as an alternative to the requirements in paragraph (b)(1) of this section must:

(A) Document and maintain a statement that they are electing to comply with the WCPP.

(B) Comply with the WCPP provisions in § 751.315 and document compliance in accordance with § 751.323(b).

§ 751.319 — Workplace requirements for wastewater.

(a) Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to the following disposal sub-conditions of use for their respective phaseouts, in accordance with § 751.305 (b) (14), (23), (24), and (26):

(1) Cleanup of sites with TCE water contamination; and,

(2) Publicly owned treatment works.

(b) Cleanup sites. Beginning September 15, 2025 the owner or operator of the location where potentially exposed persons are involved in the disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works for the purposes of facilitating cleanup projects of TCE-contaminated water and groundwater must ensure that potentially exposed persons involved with the activity of removing the TCE-contaminated water and groundwater from the location where it was located and treating the removed TCE-contaminated water and groundwater on site are protected to the interim ECEL level of 0.2 ppm and protected from dermal contact with TCE-containing wastewater in accordance with the following requirements. For the purposes of this paragraph (b) of this section, cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.120 applying to an “employee” apply equally to potentially exposed persons and cross-referenced provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(1) Written site-specific safety and health plan. Owners and operators must have a site-specific safety and health plan that addresses the health hazards presented by TCE to potentially exposed persons involved in the disposal of TCE-containing wastewater and that contains elements consistent with 29 CFR 1910.120(b)(4)(ii)(A), (B), (C), (E) and (F).

(2) Training. Owners and operators must provide training consistent with § 751.315(d) to potentially exposed persons prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a cleanup site job that involves the disposal of TCE-containing wastewater.

(3) Engineering controls, work practices and PPE. Engineering controls, work practices, and, if necessary, PPE must be implemented and provided in compliance with 40 CFR 751.315(c)(1) and (e).

(4) Exposure monitoring. (i) By September 15, 2025 or upon initial entry to a cleanup site, whichever is later, owners and operators must perform representative air monitoring consistent with 29 CFR 1910.120(h)(2) to identify any exposures to airborne TCE above the interim ECEL.

(ii) Owners and operators must perform periodic air monitoring consistent with 29 CFR 1910.120(h)(3) when there is any indication that exposures may have exceeded the interim ECEL since prior monitoring.

(iii) Owners and operators must monitor the exposures of those persons likely to have the highest exposures to airborne TCE above the interim ECEL by using personal air sampling frequently enough to characterize their exposures consistent with 29 CFR 1910.120(h)(4).

(iv) Owners and operators must perform exposure monitoring at least once every five years.

(c) Publicly owned treatment works. By September 15, 2025 owners or operators of publicly owned treatment works, where there is a reasonable possibility of the presence of TCE, must comply with one of the following:

(1) Water screening level. (i) Screen industrial wastewater discharge received at publicly owned treatment works by sampling and analyzing for a water concentration of TCE.

(ii) If the TCE concentration in wastewater exceeds 0.00284 mg/L of TCE, owners or operators must comply with the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.315, except for the initial monitoring requirements in paragraph § 751.315(b)(3)(ii).

(2) Alternative to water screening level. (i) As an alternative to the requirements in paragraph (1) of this section, the owner or operator may choose to follow the Workplace Chemical Protection Program (WCPP) provisions in § 751.315.

(ii) Owners or operators who choose to follow the WCPP as an alternative to the requirements in paragraph (1) of this section must comply with the WCPP provisions in § 751.315 and document compliance in accordance with § 751.323(b).

§ 751.321 — Downstream notification.

(a) Beginning on February 18, 2025, each person who manufactures (including imports) TCE for any use must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify companies to whom TCE is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in this subpart in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.

(b) Beginning on June 16, 2025, each person who processes or distributes in commerce TCE or any TCE-containing products for any use must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify companies to whom TCE is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in this subpart in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.

(c) The notification required under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section must occur by inserting the following text in section 1(c) and 15 of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided with the TCE or with any TCE-containing product:

§ 751.323 — Recordkeeping requirements.

(a) General records. After February 18, 2025, all persons who manufacture, process, distribute in commerce, or engage in industrial or commercial use of TCE or TCE-containing products must maintain ordinary business records, such as invoices and bills-of-lading related to compliance with the prohibitions, restrictions, and other provisions of this subpart.

(b) Workplace chemical protection program compliance. (1) Interim ECEL exposure monitoring. For each monitoring event, owners or operators subject to the interim ECEL described in § 751.315(b) must document the following:

(i) Dates, duration, and results of each sample taken;

(ii) The quantity, location(s), and manner of TCE in use at the time of each monitoring event;

(iii) All measurements that may be necessary to determine the conditions that may affect the monitoring results;

(iv) Name, workplace address, work shift, job classification, work area, and type of respiratory protection (if any) by each monitored person;

(v) Identification of all potentially exposed persons that a monitored person is intended to represent if using a representative sample, consistent with § 751.315(b)(3)(i)(A) and (B);

(vi) Sampling and analytical methods used as described in § 751.315(b)(3)(i)(D);

(vii) Compliance with the Good Laboratory Practice Standards in accordance with 40 CFR part 792, or use of a laboratory accredited by the AIHA or another industry-recognized program as required by § 751.315(b)(3)(i)(C);

(viii) Information regarding air monitoring equipment, including: type, maintenance, calibrations, performance tests, limits of detection, and any malfunctions;

(ix) Re-monitoring determinations conducted by an Environmental Professional as defined at 40 CFR 312.10 or a Certified Industrial Hygienist, if results indicated non-detect; and

(x) Notification of exposure monitoring results in accordance with § 751.315(b)(3)(vi).

(2) Interim ECEL compliance. Owners or operators subject to the interim ECEL described in § 751.315(b) must retain records of:

(i) Exposure control plan as described in § 751.315(c)(2).

(ii) Implementation of the exposure control plan described in § 751.315(c)(2), including:

(A) Any regular inspections, evaluations, and updating of the exposure controls to maintain effectiveness;

(B) Confirmation that all persons are implementing the exposure controls; and

(C) Each occurrence and duration of any start-up, shutdown, or malfunction of the facility that causes an exceedance of the interim ECEL and any subsequent corrective actions taken by the owner or operator during the start-up, shutdown, or malfunctions to mitigate exposures to TCE.

(iii) Respiratory protection used by each potentially exposed person and PPE program implementation as described in § 751.315(e), including:

(A) The name, workplace address, work shift, job classification, and work area of each potentially exposed person, and the type of respiratory protection provided to each potentially exposed person;

(B) The basis for the specific PPE selection in accordance with § 751.315(e); and

(C) Fit testing and training in accordance with § 751.315(e).

(iv) Information and training provided as required in § 751.315(d).

(3) Workplace participation. Owners or operators must document the notice to and ability of any potentially exposed person who may reasonably be affected by TCE inhalation exposure and their designated representative to readily access the exposure control plans, facility exposure monitoring records, PPE program implementation records, or any other information relevant to TCE exposure in the workplace.

(c) Records related to exemptions. To maintain eligibility for an exemption described in § 751.325, owners or operators must maintain records related to, and demonstrating compliance with, the specific conditions of the exemption.

(d) Records related to phase-outs. (1) Beginning February 18, 2025, each manufacturer of HFC-134a who uses TCE as an intermediate under § 751.307 must maintain records of the annual quantity of TCE purchased and processed until the termination of all processing of TCE as an intermediate and, beginning June 16, 2025, must maintain records that demonstrate how the baseline annual volume was calculated, in accordance with § 751.307(a)(1).

(2) Beginning September 15, 2025, each person using TCE under § 751.309 for industrial and commercial use as a solvent for closed-loop batch vapor degreasing for rayon fabric scouring for end use in rocket booster nozzle production by Federal agencies and their contractors must maintain records demonstrating that the end use is in rocket booster nozzle production for Federal agencies and their contractors.

(3) Beginning September 15, 2025, each person using TCE under § 751.311 for industrial and commercial use in laboratory use for asphalt testing and recovery must maintain records demonstrating compliance with the use of TCE as specified in § 751.311.

(4) After December 18, 2029, each person using TCE under § 751.311 for industrial and commercial use in laboratory use for asphalt testing and recovery must maintain records demonstrating compliance with the provision in § 751.311 that the use of TCE in laboratory use for asphalt testing and recovery be in methods that do not include manual centrifuge processes.

(5) After December 18, 2029, each person using TCE under § 751.309 for industrial and commercial use as a solvent for closed-loop batch vapor degreasing, specifically for rayon fabric scouring, must maintain records that demonstrate that a final pre-launch test of rocket booster nozzles without using TCE was completed.

(e) Records related to workplace requirements for energized electrical cleaner. (1) Owners and operators subject to the energized electrical cleaner requirements described in § 751.317 must retain records of:

(i) Statement regarding whether the owner or operator is complying with the prescriptive PPE requirements described in § 751.317(b)(1) or with the WCPP described in § 751.317(b)(2).

(ii) Dermal and respiratory protection used by each potentially exposed person and program implementation as described in § 751.317(b)(1) or WCPP records described in § 751.323(b).

(2) Distributors of TCE, including TCE containing products, for use in energized electrical cleaning must retain sale records, including:

(i) Name of purchaser;

(ii) Date of sale; and

(iii) Quantity of TCE or TCE containing products sold.

(f) Records related to wastewater workplace protection requirements. (1) Owners and operators subject to the wastewater workplace protection requirements for cleanup sites described in § 751.319 must retain records related to and demonstrating compliance with the provisions of § 751.319 and 29 CFR 1910.120 that are applicable to the particular site and records related to and demonstrating compliance with the interim ECEL.

(2) Publicly owned treatment works must retain records related to and demonstrating compliance with the wastewater screening and other requirements described in § 751.319, and if applicable must retain records for the WCPP as described in § 751.323(b).

(g) Minimum record retention periods. The records required under this section must be retained for at least 5 years from the date that such records were generated, except for the records required under paragraph (d)(1), which must be retained for at least 5 years after the use of TCE covered by the records has ceased.

§ 751.325 — Exemptions.

(a) In general. (1) The time-limited exemptions described in this section are established in accordance with 15 U.S.C. 2605(g).

(2) In order to be eligible for the exemptions described in this section, regulated parties must comply with all conditions established for such exemptions in this section.

(b) Exemptions—(1) Closed-loop batch vapor degreasing necessary for rocket engine cleaning by Federal agencies and their contractors until December 18, 2031. The following are specific conditions of the exemption for industrial and commercial use of TCE as a solvent for closed-loop vapor degreasing necessary for rocket engine cleaning by Federal agencies and their contractors described in § 751.305(b)(15):

(i) The use of TCE in industrial and commercial as a solvent for closed-loop vapor degreasing is limited to the closed-loop batch vapor degreasing necessary for rocket engine cleaning by Federal agencies and their contractors.

(ii) The owner or operator of the location where such use occurs, and manufacturers (including importers) and processors of TCE for such use, must comply with the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.315.

(iii) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE occurs, and manufacturers (including importers) and processors of TCE for such use, must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

(2) Closed-loop and Open-top batch vapor degreasing for essential aerospace parts and components and narrow tubing for medical devices until December 18, 2031. The following are specific conditions of the exemption for vapor degreasing described in § 751.305(b)(16):

(i) The use of TCE for closed-loop and open-top batch vapor degreasing is limited to the cleaning of:

(A) Essential aerospace parts and components where cleaning alternatives present technical feasibility or performance challenges to meet specifications from Federal agencies or other long-standing design specifications included in existing contracts; and

(B) Narrow tubing for medical devices.

(ii) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE occurs, and manufacturers (including importers) and processors of TCE for such use, must comply with the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.315.

(iii) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE occurs must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

(3) Certain industrial and commercial uses of TCE for vessels of the Armed Forces and their systems, and in the maintenance, fabrication, and sustainment for and of such vessels and systems until December 18, 2034. The following are specific conditions of the exemption for industrial and commercial uses of TCE for vessels of the Armed Forces and their systems, and in the maintenance, fabrication, and sustainment for and of such vessels and systems described in § 751.305(b)(20):

(i) The industrial and commercial use of TCE must be limited for vessels of the Armed Forces and their systems, and in the maintenance, fabrication, and sustainment for and of such vessels and systems: as potting compounds for naval electronic systems and equipment; sealing compounds for high and ultra-high vacuum systems; bonding compounds for materials testing and maintenance of underwater systems and bonding of nonmetallic materials; and cleaning agents to satisfy cleaning requirements (which includes degreasing using wipes, sprays, solvents and vapor degreasing) for: materials and components required for military ordnance testing; temporary resin repairs in vessel spaces where welding is not authorized; ensuring polyurethane adhesion for electronic systems and equipment repair and installation of elastomeric materials; various naval combat systems, radars, sensors, equipment; fabrication and prototyping processes to remove coolant and other residue from machine parts; machined part fabrications for naval systems; installation of topside rubber tile material aboard vessels; and vapor degreasing required for substrate surface preparation prior to electroplating processes.

(ii) The owner or operator of the location where such use occurs, and manufacturers (including importers) and processors of TCE for such use, must comply with the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.315.

(iii) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE occurs must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

(4) Use of TCE or TCE-containing products in an emergency by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and its contractors operating within the scope of their contracted work until December 18, 2034—(i) Applicability. This exemption shall apply to the following specific conditions of use:

(A) Industrial and commercial use as solvent for open-top or closed-loop batch vapor degreasing.

(B) Industrial and commercial use as solvent for cold cleaning.

(C) Industrial and commercial use as a solvent for aerosol spray degreaser/cleaner and mold release.

(D) Industrial and commercial use as a lubricant and grease in tap and die fluid.

(E) Industrial and commercial use as a lubricant and grease in penetrating lubricant.

(F) Industrial and commercial use as an adhesive and sealant in solvent-based adhesives. and sealants.

(G) Industrial and commercial as a functional fluid in heat exchange fluid.

(H) Industrial and commercial use in corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents.

(I) Industrial and commercial use of TCE as a processing aid.

(J) Manufacturing (including importing) and processing of TCE for the industrial and commercial uses listed in paragraphs (b)(4)(i)(A) through (I) of this section.

(ii) Emergency use—(A) In general. An emergency is a serious and sudden situation requiring immediate action, within 15 days or less, necessary to protect:

(1) Safety of NASA's or their contractors' personnel;

(2) NASA's missions;

(3) Human health, safety, or property, including that of adjacent communities; or

(4) The environment.

(B) Duration. Each emergency is a separate situation; if use of TCE exceeds 15 days, then justification must be documented.

(iii) Eligibility. To be eligible for the exemption, the NASA and its contractors must:

(A) Select TCE because there are no technically and economically feasible safer alternatives available during the emergency.

(B) Perform the emergency use of TCE at locations controlled by NASA or its contractors.

(C) Comply with the following conditions:

(1) Notification. Within 15 working days of the emergency use by NASA and its contractors, NASA must provide notice to the EPA Assistant Administrators of both the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance and the Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention that includes the following:

(i) Identification of the conditions of use detailed in paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section that the emergency use fell under;

(ii) An explanation for why the emergency use met the definition of emergency in paragraph (b)(4)(i)(B) of this section; and

(iii) An explanation of why TCE was selected, including why there were no technically and economically feasible safer alternatives available in the particular emergency.

(2) Exposure control. The owner or operator must comply with the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.315, to the extent technically feasible in light of the particular emergency.

(3) Recordkeeping. The owner or operator of the location where the use takes place must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

(5) Lead-acid battery separator manufacturing untilDecember 18, 2044. The following are specific conditions of the exemption for use as a processing aid in the manufacturing of lead-acid battery separators described in § 751.305(b)(22):

(i) The use of TCE as a processing aid for battery separator manufacturing must be limited to lead acid battery separator manufacturing.

(ii) This specific industrial and commercial use of TCE as a processing aid can only be used at industrial facilities in which TCE is in use for the manufacture of lead acid battery separators prior to February 18, 2025.

(iii) The owner or operator of the location where such use occurs, and manufacturers (including importers) and processors of TCE for such use, must comply with the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.315.

(iv) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE occurs must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

(6) Industrial and commercial use of TCE as a processing aid for specialty polymeric microporous sheet materials manufacturing until December 18, 2039. The following are specific conditions of the exemption for industrial and commercial use as a processing aid at § 751.305(b)(23):

(i) The use of TCE as a processing aid must be limited to specialty polymeric microporous sheet materials manufacturing.

(ii) This specific industrial and commercial use of TCE as a processing aid can only be used at industrial facilities in which TCE is in use for the manufacture of specialty polymeric microporous sheet materials prior to February 18, 2025.

(iii) The owner or operator of the location where such use occurs, and manufacturers (including importers) and processors of TCE for such use, must comply with the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.315.

(iv) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE occurs must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

(7) Laboratory use for essential laboratory activities until December 18, 2074. The following are specific conditions of the exemption for laboratory use at § 751.305(b)(24):

(i) The industrial and commercial use of TCE as a laboratory chemical must only be for essential laboratory activities. Essential laboratory activities are:

(A) Laboratory activities associated with cleanup and exposure monitoring activities, including chemical analysis, chemical synthesis, extracting or purifying other chemicals, dissolving other substances, research and development for the advancement of cleanup activities, and as an analytical standard for monitoring related to TCE contamination or exposure monitoring.

(B) Laboratory activities conducted by Federal agencies and their contractors, other than those described in paragraph (b)(7)(i)(A) of this section, and similar laboratory activities, provided the use is essential to the agency's mission.

(ii) The use of TCE as a laboratory chemical for testing asphalt is regulated under § 751.311, and is not considered an essential laboratory activity.

(iii) The use of TCE as a laboratory chemical must be performed on the premises of a laboratory.

(iv) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE occurs, and manufacturers (including importers) and processors of TCE for such use, must comply with the Workplace Chemical Protection Program provisions in § 751.315.

(v) The owner or operator of the location where such use of TCE occurs must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

(8) Disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works for the purposes of cleanup projects of TCE-contaminated water and groundwater until December 18, 2074. The following are specific conditions of the exemption for disposal at § 751.305(b)(25):

(i) The disposal of TCE to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or publicly owned treatment works must only be for the purposes of cleanup projects of TCE-contaminated water and groundwater, and is limited to sites undergoing cleanup under CERCLA, RCRA, or other Federal, state, and local government laws, regulations, or requirements.

(ii) The owner or operator of the cleanup site location where TCE industrial treatment or pretreatment occurs must comply with the wastewater worker protection requirements in § 751.319.

(iii) The owner or operator of publicly owned treatment works that receive TCE wastewater must comply with the worker protection requirements in § 751.319.

(iv) The owner or operator of the location where such disposal of TCE occurs must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.323.

§ 751.401 — General.

(a) This subpart establishes prohibitions and restrictions on the manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals in accordance with TSCA section 6(h), 15 U.S.C 2605(h).

(b) Unless otherwise specified in this subpart, prohibitions and restrictions of this subpart do not apply to the following activities:

(1) Distribution in commerce of any chemical substance, or any product or article that contains the chemical substance, that has previously been sold or supplied to an end user, i.e., any person that purchased or acquired the finished good for purposes other than resale. An example of an end user is a consumer who resells a product they no longer intend to use or who donates an article to charity.

(2) Disposal of any chemical substance, or any product or article that contains the chemical substance, as well as importation, processing and distribution in commerce of any chemical substance or any product or article that contains the chemical substance for purposes of disposal.

(3) Manufacturing, processing, distribution in commerce, and use of any chemical substance, or any product or article that contains the chemical substance, for research and development, as defined in § 751.403.

(c) Owner and operator requirements. Any requirement for an owner or operator or an owner and operator is a requirement for any individual that is either an owner or an operator.

§ 751.403 — Definitions.

The definitions in subpart A of this part apply to this subpart unless otherwise specified in this section.

2,4,6-TTBP means the chemical substance 2,4,6-tris(tert-butyl)phenol (CASRN 732-26-3).

2,4,6-TTBP oil and lubricant additives means any 2,4,6-TTBP-containing additive to a product of any viscosity intended to reduce friction between moving parts, whether mineral oil or synthetic base, including engine crankcase and gear oils and bearing greases. 2,4,6-TTBP oil and lubricant additive does not include hydraulic fluid and other oils whose primary purpose is not friction reduction.

Article means a manufactured item:

(1) Which is formed to a specific shape or design during manufacture,

(2) Which has end use function(s) dependent in whole or in part upon its shape or design during end use, and

(3) Which has either no change of chemical composition during its end use or only those changes of composition which have no commercial purpose separate from that of the article, and that result from a chemical reaction that occurs upon end use of other chemical substances, mixtures, or articles; except that fluids and particles are not considered articles regardless of shape or design.

DecaBDE means the chemical substance decabromodiphenyl ether (CASRN 1163-19-5).

HCBD means the chemical substance hexachlorobutadiene (CASRN 87-68-3).

Lubricants and grease mean any product used to reduce friction, heat, or wear between moving or adjacent solid surfaces, or that enhance the lubricity of other substances.

PCTP means the chemical substance pentachlorothiophenol (CASRN 133-49-3).

PIP (3:1) means the chemical substance phenol, isopropylated phosphate (3:1) (CASRN 68937-41-7).

Potentially exposed person means any person who may be exposed to a chemical substance or mixture regulated under this subpart as a result of the use of that chemical or mixture.

Product means the chemical substance, a mixture containing the chemical substance, or any object that contains the chemical substance or mixture containing the chemical substance that is not an article.

Regulated area means an area established by the regulated entity to demarcate areas where airborne concentrations of a specific chemical substance can reasonably be expected.

Research and Development means laboratory and research use only for purposes of scientific experimentation or analysis, or chemical research on, or analysis of, the chemical substance, including methods for disposal, but not for research or analysis for the development of a new product, or refinement of an existing product that contains the chemical substance.

§ 751.405 — DecaBDE.

(a) Prohibition—(1) General. (i) Except as provided in paragraphs (a)(2) and (b) of this section, all persons are prohibited from all manufacturing and processing of decaBDE or decaBDE-containing products or articles after March 8, 2021, and all persons are prohibited from all distribution in commerce of decaBDE or decaBDE-containing products or articles after January 6, 2022.

(ii) Unless otherwise specified in this subpart, the prohibitions and restrictions of this subpart do not apply to products or articles containing decaBDE at concentrations less than 0.1% by weight, if the decaBDE was not intentionally added to the product or article.

(2) Phase-in of Prohibitions for Specific Uses of decaBDE and decaBDE-containing Products or Articles. (i) After July 6, 2022, all persons are prohibited from all manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce decaBDE for use in curtains in the hospitality industry, and the curtains to which decaBDE has been added.

(ii) After January 6, 2023, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distribution in commerce of decaBDE for use in wire and cable insulation in nuclear power generation facilities (including test and research reactors).

(iii) After January 8, 2024, all persons are prohibited from all manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of decaBDE for use in parts installed in and distributed as part of new aerospace vehicles, and the parts to which decaBDE has been added for such vehicles. After the end of the aerospace vehicles service lives, all persons are prohibited from all importing, processing, and distribution in commerce of aerospace vehicles manufactured before January 8, 2024 that contain decaBDE in any part. After the end of the aerospace vehicles service lives, all persons are prohibited from all manufacture, processing and distribution in commerce of decaBDE for use in replacement parts for aerospace vehicles, and the replacement parts to which decaBDE has been added for such vehicles.

(iv) After the end of the vehicles service lives or 2036, whichever is earlier, all persons are prohibited from all manufacture, processing and distribution in commerce of decaBDE for use in replacement parts for motor vehicles, and the replacement parts to which decaBDE has been added for such vehicles.

(v) After the end of the pallets' service life, all persons are prohibited from all distribution in commerce of plastic shipping pallets that contain decaBDE and were manufactured prior March 8, 2021.

(vi) After the end of the wire and cables' service life, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distribution in commerce of decaBDE-containing wire and cable insulation for nuclear power generation facilities (including test and research reactors).

(b) Exclusions to the Prohibition. Distribution in commerce and recycling of decaBDE-containing plastic from products or articles, and processing and distribution in commerce of decaBDE-containing products or articles made from such recycled plastic, where no new decaBDE is added during the recycling or production processes is not subject to the prohibition in paragraph (a) of this section.

(c) Recordkeeping. (1) After March 8, 2021, all persons who manufacture, process, or distribute in commerce decaBDE or decaBDE-containing products or articles must maintain ordinary business records, such as invoices and bills-of-lading related to compliance with the prohibitions, restrictions, and other provisions of this section.

(i) These records must be maintained for a period of five years from the date the record is generated.

(ii) These records must include a statement that the decaBDE or the decaBDE-containing products or articles are in compliance with 40 CFR 751.405(a).

(iii) These records must be made available to EPA upon request.

(2) The recordkeeping requirements in paragraph (c)(1) do not apply to the activities described in paragraphs (a)(2)(v) and (b) of this section.

(d) Signage in regulated areas. (1) After January 21, 2025, all persons who process, including recycle, plastic shipping pallets that contain decaBDE must place signs at every entry point into the regulated area.

(2) Each sign must show clearly, prominently, in multiple languages as appropriate, and in an easily readable font size the following text:

(e) Workplace protection—(1) Applicability. After January 21, 2025, the provisions of this paragraph (e) apply to any workplaces engaged in manufacturing and processing of decaBDE and decaBDE-containing products and articles, except for those identified in paragraph (e)(6) of this section.

(2) Regulated areas. Owners or operators must establish and maintain regulated areas as defined in 40 CFR 751.403.

(i) The owner or operator must limit access to regulated areas to authorized persons.

(ii) The owner or operator must demarcate regulated areas from the rest of the workplace in a manner that adequately establishes and alerts persons to the boundaries of the regulated area and minimizes the number of authorized persons exposed to decaBDE within the regulated area.

(iii) The owner or operator must ensure that each potentially exposed person is provided with a respirator according to the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section and must ensure that all potentially exposed persons within the regulated area are using the provided respirators whenever exposures to airborne concentrations of decaBDE can reasonably be expected.

(iv) The owner or operator must ensure that while persons are wearing respirators in the regulated area, they do not engage in activities that interfere with respirator seal or performance.

(v) The owner or operator must ensure that, within a regulated area, persons do not engage in non-work activities that may increase exposure to decaBDE.

(3) Respiratory protection. The owner or operator must provide respiratory protection to all potentially exposed persons in the regulated area as demarcated in accordance with paragraph (e)(2) of this section, and according to the provisions outlined in 29 CFR 1910.134(b), (c)(1), (3) and (4), (d)(1)(iv), (f), and (g) through (l) and, as specified in this paragraph (e)(3) for potentially exposed persons to decaBDE during expected time of use.

(i) For purposes of this paragraph (e)(3), cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 applying to an “employee” apply equally to potentially exposed persons and cross-referenced provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators. Other terms in cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 that are defined in 29 CFR 1910.134(b) have the meaning assigned to them in 29 CFR 1910.134(b).

(ii) Owners and operators must develop and administer a written respiratory protection program consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(c)(1), (3) and (4).

(iii) Owners and operators must select respiratory protection that properly fits each affected person and communicate respirator selections to each affected person consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(f).

(iv) Owners and operators must provide, ensure use of, and maintain (in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition) respiratory protection that is of safe design and construction for the applicable condition of use consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(g) through (j).

(v) Prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving potential exposure to decaBDE, owners and operators must provide training to all persons required to use respiratory protection consistent with 29 CFR 1910.134(k).

(vi) Owners and operators must retrain all persons required to use PPE at least annually, or whenever the owner or operator has reason to believe that a previously trained person does not have the required understanding and skill to properly use PPE, or when changes in the workplace or in PPE to be used render the previous training obsolete.

(vii) The type of respiratory protection that the owners or operator must select and provide to potentially exposed persons must be at least as protective as a NIOSH-approved N95 respirator (APF 10).

(viii) Owners and operators must select and provide respirators as required in paragraph (e)(3) of this section consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(d)(1)(iv), and with consideration of workplace and user factors that affect respirator performance and reliability.

(ix) Owners and operators must ensure that respirators are used in compliance with the terms of the respirator's NIOSH certification.

(x) Owners and operators must conduct regular evaluations of the workplace, including consultations with potentially exposed persons using respiratory protection, consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(l), to ensure that the provisions of the written respiratory protection program required under paragraph (e)(3) of this section are being effectively implemented.

(xi) The respiratory protection requirements in this paragraph (e)(3) represent the minimum respiratory protection requirements, such that any respirator affording a higher degree of protection than the required respirator may be used.

(4) Dermal protection. (i) Owners or operators must require the donning of gloves that are chemically resistant to decaBDE with activity-specific training where dermal contact with decaBDE is reasonably expected. Owners or operators must minimize and protect potentially exposed persons from dermal exposure in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132.

(ii) Owners or operators must supply and require the donning of dermal PPE that separates and provides a barrier to prevent direct dermal contact with decaBDE in the specific work area where it is selected for use, selected in accordance with this paragraph (e)(4) and provided in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132(h), to each person who is reasonably likely to be dermally exposed in the work area through direct dermal contact with decaBDE. For the purposes of this paragraph (e)(4), provisions in 29 CFR 1910.132(h) applying to an “employee” also apply equally to potentially exposed persons, and provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(iii) Dermal PPE that is of safe design and construction for the work to be performed must be provided, used, and maintained in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition. Owners and operators must select PPE that properly fits each affected person and communicate PPE selections to each affected person.

(iv) Owners or operators must provide training in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132(f) to all persons required to use dermal protection prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving exposure to decaBDE. For the purposes of this paragraph (e)(4), provisions in 29 CFR 1910.132(f) applying to an “employee” also apply equally to potentially exposed persons, and provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(v) Owners and operators must retrain each person required to use dermal protection at least annually or whenever the owner or operator has reason to believe that a previously trained person does not have the required understanding and skill to properly use dermal protection, or when changes in the workplace or in dermal protection to be used render the previous training obsolete.

(5) Workplace protection records. (i) The owner or operator of workplaces engaged in the manufacturing and processing of decaBDE and decaBDE-containing products and articles, except for those identified in paragraph (e)(6) of this section, must retain records of:

(A) The name, workplace address, work shift, job classification, and work area of each person reasonably likely to directly handle decaBDE or handle equipment or materials on which decaBDE may be present;

(B) The basis for the regulated area as defined in § 751.403, including monitoring data and documentation of any controls or combination of controls that have reduced exposure to where airborne concentrations of decaBDE can no longer reasonably be expected resulting in a smaller or no regulated area being established;

(C) The type of PPE selected by the owner or operator for use by each of these persons, the respiratory protection used by each potentially exposed person, and PPE program implementation, including fit-testing and training;

(D) The basis for the PPE selection (e.g., demonstration based on permeation testing or manufacturer specifications that each item of PPE selected provides an impervious barrier to prevent exposure during expected duration and conditions of exposure, including the likely combinations of chemical substances to which the PPE may be exposed in the work area); and

(E) Appropriately sized PPE and training on proper application, wear, and removal of PPE, and proper care/disposal of PPE.

(ii) These records must be maintained for a period of five years from the date the record is generated.

(iii) These records must be made available to EPA upon request.

(iv) The owner or operator must provide potentially exposed persons and their designate representative an opportunity to observe records related to the basis of the PPE or another control measure selection, including potential monitoring results that are representative of the potentially exposed person's exposure.

(6) Exclusions. The following are not subject to the workplace protection requirements of paragraph (e) of this section:

(i) Import of decaBDE and decaBDE-containing products and articles.

(ii) Recycling of decaBDE-containing plastic from products or articles and decaBDE-containing products or articles made from such recycled plastic, where no new decaBDE is added during the recycling or production processes, except for those articles identified in paragraph (a)(2)(v) of this section.

(iii) Processing addressed in paragraph (a)(2)(vi) of this section of decaBDE-containing wire and cable insulation for use in nuclear power generation facilities.

(iv) Processing of new and replacement parts to which decaBDE has been added for motor and aerospace vehicles, and the motor and aerospace vehicles that contain new and replacement parts to which decaBDE has been added.

(f) Export notification for decaBDE-containing products and articles. All persons intending to export decaBDE-containing wire and cable for nuclear power generation facilities (including test and research reactors) are required to notify EPA under TSCA section 12(b) and the provisions of subpart D of 40 CFR part 707. The exemption at 40 CFR 707.60(b) does not apply to decaBDE-containing wire and cable for nuclear power generation facilities.

(g) Prohibition on releases to water. After January 21, 2025, all persons are prohibited from releasing decaBDE to water during manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of decaBDE and decaBDE-containing products, and such persons are required to follow any applicable regulations for preventing the release of decaBDE.

§ 751.407 — PIP (3:1).

(a) Prohibitions—(1) General prohibition on processing and distribution in commerce. Except as provided in paragraphs (a)(2) and (b) of this section, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distributing in commerce of PIP (3:1), including in PIP (3:1)-containing products or articles after March 8, 2021. Except as provided in paragraphs (a)(2) and (b) of this section, the prohibitions and restrictions of this subpart do not apply to products or articles containing PIP (3:1) at concentrations less than 0.1 percent by weight, if the PIP (3:1) was not intentionally added to the product or article.

(2) Phase-in prohibitions for specific uses of PIP (3:1) and PIP (3:1)-containing products and articles. Except for the activities described in paragraph (b) of this section or where another phase-in prohibition with longer-term deadlines exists as described in this section:

(i) After January 6, 2025, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distributing in commerce of PIP (3:1) for use in adhesives and sealants, PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in adhesives and sealants, and PIP (3:1)-containing adhesives and sealants.

(ii) After January 1, 2022, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distributing in commerce of PIP (3:1) for use in photographic printing articles and PIP (3:1)-containing photographic printing articles.

(iii) After October 31, 2024, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distribution of PIP (3:1) for use in articles and all processing of PIP (3:1)-containing articles. After October 31, 2026, all persons are prohibited from distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing articles.

(iv) After November 21, 2039, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) and manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in lubricants and greases and PIP (3:1)-containing lubricants and grease.

(v) After November 21, 2039, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) for use in parts for new motor vehicles, including heavy motorized machinery, and manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in parts for new motor vehicles, including heavy motorized machinery, and manufacturing and processing of PIP (3:1)-containing parts for such new vehicles.

(vi) After November 19, 2054, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) and manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in replacement parts for motor vehicles, including heavy motorized machinery, and manufacturing and processing of PIP (3:1)-containing replacement parts for such vehicles.

(vii) After November 19, 2054, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) and manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in parts for new aerospace vehicles, and manufacturing and processing of PIP (3:1)-containing parts for such vehicles.

(viii) After the end of the aerospace vehicles service lives, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) and manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in replacement parts for aerospace vehicles and manufacturing and processing of PIP (3:1)-containing replacement parts for such vehicles.

(ix) After November 19, 2029, all persons are prohibited from processing and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) and manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in marine antifouling coating products that are registered under the Federal, Insecticide, Fungicide, Rodenticide Act and that meet U.S. Department of Defense specification requirements.

(x) After November 20, 2034, all persons are prohibited from processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) and manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in parts for new manufacturing equipment, including in the semiconductor industry, for new heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, refrigeration, and water-heating equipment, new power generating equipment, new laboratory equipment, new commercial electronic equipment, and the manufacturing and processing of PIP (3:1)-containing parts for those equipment.

(xi) After the end of the manufacturing and laboratory equipment service lives, all persons are prohibited from processing and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) and manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in replacement parts and manufacturing and processing of PIP (3:1)-containing replacement parts for manufacturing equipment and laboratory equipment, respectively. After November 19, 2049 all persons are prohibited from processing and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) and manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in replacement parts and manufacturing and processing of PIP (3:1)-containing replacement parts for heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, refrigeration, and water-heating equipment, for power generating equipment, and for commercial electronic equipment. After November 19, 2031 all persons are prohibited from processing and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) and manufacturing, processing, and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in replacement parts and manufacturing and processing of PIP (3:1)-containing replacement parts for consumer electronic equipment.

(b) Exclusions. The following activities are not subject to the prohibitions in paragraph (a) of this section.

(1) Processing and distribution in commerce of:

(i) PIP (3:1) for use in hydraulic fluids either for the aviation industry or to meet military specifications for safety and performance where no alternative chemical is available that meets U.S. Department of Defense specification requirements, PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in such hydraulic fluids, and PIP (3:1)-containing hydraulic fluids either for the aviation industry or to meet military specifications for safety and performance where no alternative chemical is available that meets U.S. Department of Defense specification requirements.

(ii) PIP (3:1) for use in lubricants and greases for aerospace use and turbine engines, PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in lubricants and greases for aerospace use and turbine engines, and PIP (3:1)-containing lubricants and greases for aerospace use and turbine engines;

(iii) PIP (3:1) and PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in circuit boards and wire harnesses, including but not limited to terminal and fuse covers, cable sleeves, casings, connectors, and tapes, and PIP (3:1)-containing circuit boards and wire harnesses including but not limited to terminal and fuse covers, cable sleeves, casings, connectors, and tapes.

(iv) PIP (3:1) and PIP (3:1)-containing products for use as an intermediate in a closed system to produce cyanoacrylate adhesives;

(v) PIP (3:1) for use in specialized engine air filters for locomotive and marine applications, PIP (3:1) containing products for use in specialized engine air filters for locomotive and marine applications, and PIP (3:1)-containing specialized engine air filters for locomotive and marine applications;

(vi) Plastic for recycling from products or articles containing PIP (3:1), where no new PIP (3:1) is added during the recycling process; and

(vii) Finished products or articles made of plastic recycled or reused from products or articles containing PIP (3:1), where no new PIP (3:1) was added during the production of the products or articles made of recycled plastic.

(viii) Articles that contain PIP (3:1), and where PIP (3:1) has not been newly added, for the purpose of repair or maintenance.

(2) Distribution in commerce of:

(i) PIP (3:1)-containing parts for vehicles meeting the requirements in paragraphs (a)(2)(v) through (viii) of this section, for equipment meeting requirements in paragraphs (a)(2)(x) through (xi) of this section, and the vehicles and equipment that contain such parts.

(ii) [Reserved]

(c) Prohibition on releases to water. After March 8, 2021, all persons are prohibited from releasing PIP (3:1) to water during manufacturing, processing and distribution in commerce of PIP (3:1) and PIP (3:1) containing products, and all persons are required to follow all applicable regulations and best management practices for preventing the release of PIP (3:1) and PIP (3:1)-containing products to water during commercial use.

(d) Recordkeeping. (1) After March 8, 2021, persons who manufacture, process, or distribute in commerce PIP (3:1) or PIP (3:1)-containing products or articles must maintain ordinary business records, such as invoices and bills-of-lading, related to compliance with the prohibitions, restrictions, and other provisions of this section. These records must be maintained for a period of five years from the date the record is generated.

(2) These records must include a statement that the PIP (3:1), or the PIP (3:1)-containing products or articles, are in compliance with 40 CFR 751.407(a).

(3) These records must be made available to EPA upon request.

(4) The recordkeeping requirements in paragraph (d) of this section do not apply to the activities described in paragraphs (b)(1)(vi) and (vii) of this section. The recordkeeping requirements in paragraph (d) of this section also do not apply to PIP (3:1)-containing articles until October 31, 2024.

(e) Downstream notification. (1) Each person who manufactures PIP (3:1) for any use after March 8, 2021 must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify persons to whom PIP (3:1) is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in this subpart.

(2) Each person who processes or distributes in commerce PIP (3:1) or PIP (3:1)-containing products for any use after July 6, 2021 must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify persons to whom PIP (3:1) is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in this subpart.

(3) Downstream notification must occur by inserting the text in paragraphs (e)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) by February 19, 2025, or by including on the label of any PIP (3:1) or PIP (3:1)-containing product by May 19, 2026, the label language in paragraph (e)(3)(iii) of this section:

(i) SDS Section 1(c).

(ii) SDS Section 15.

(iii) Labeling.

(4) Any downstream notification that occurs under paragraph (e) of this section between February 19, 2025 and May 19, 2026, must include a safety data sheet with the language in paragraphs (e)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section unless distributing products with labels reflecting the language in paragraph (e)(3)(iii) of this section.

(5) The downstream notification requirements in paragraph (e) of this section do not apply to the activities described in paragraphs (b)(1)(vi) and (vii) of this section.

(f) Workplace protection—(1) Applicability. After January 21, 2025, the provisions of this paragraph (f) apply to workplaces engaged in the manufacturing and processing of PIP (3:1) and PIP (3:1)-containing products and articles, except for those identified in paragraph (f)(7) of this section.

(2) Regulated areas. Owners or operators must establish and maintain regulated areas as defined in § 751.403.

(i) The owner or operator must limit access to regulated areas to authorized persons.

(ii) The owner or operator must demarcate regulated areas from the rest of the workplace in a manner that adequately establishes and alerts persons to the boundaries of the regulated area and minimizes the number of authorized persons exposed to PIP (3:1) within the regulated area.

(iii) The owner or operator must ensure each potentially exposed person is provided with a respirator according to the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section and must ensure that all potentially exposed persons within the regulated area are using the provided respirators whenever exposures to airborne concentrations of PIP (3:1) can reasonably be expected.

(iv) The owner or operator must ensure that while persons are wearing respirators in the regulated area, they do not engage in activities that interfere with respirator seal or performance.

(v) The owner or operator must ensure that, within a regulated area, persons do not engage in non-work activities that may increase exposure to PIP (3:1).

(3) Respiratory protection. The owner or operator must provide respiratory protection to all potentially exposed persons in the regulated area as demarcated in accordance with paragraph (f)(2) of this section, and according to the provisions outlined in 29 CFR 1910.134(b), (c)(1), (3) and (4), (d)(1)(iv), (f), and (g) through (l) and as specified in this paragraph (f)(3) for potentially exposed persons to PIP (3:1) during expected time of use.

(i) For purposes of this paragraph (f)(3), cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 applying to an “employee” apply equally to potentially exposed persons and cross-referenced provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators. Other terms in cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 that are defined in 29 CFR 1910.134(b) have the meaning assigned to them in 29 CFR 190.134(b).

(ii) Owners and operators must develop and administer a written respiratory protection program consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(c)(1), (3) and (4).

(iii) Owners and operators must select respiratory protection that properly fits each affected person and communicate respirator selections to each affected person consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(f).

(iv) Owners and operators must provide, ensure use of, and maintain (in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition) respiratory protection that is of safe design and construction for the applicable condition of use consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(g) through (j).

(v) Prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving potential exposure to PIP (3:1) owners and operators must provide training to all persons required to use respiratory protection consistent with 29 CFR 1910.134(k).

(vi) Owners and operators must retrain all persons required to use PPE at least annually, or whenever the owner or operator has reason to believe that a previously trained person does not have the required understanding and skill to properly use PPE, or when changes in the workplace or in PPE to be used render the previous training obsolete.

(vii) The type of respiratory protection that the owner or operator must select and provide to potentially exposed persons must be at least as protective as a NIOSH-approved APF 10 air-purifying half mask respirator except for those uses identified in paragraphs (f)(3)(viii) and (ix) of this section.

(viii) The type of respiratory protection that owners or operators must select and provide to potentially exposed persons must be at least as protective as a NIOSH-approved N95 respirator (APF 10) for the manufacturing and processing of PIP (3:1), and PIP (3:1)-containing products for use in new and replacement parts for motor vehicles, including heavy machinery, and aerospace vehicles.

(ix) The type of respiratory protection that owners or operators must select and provide to potentially exposed persons must be at least as protective as a NIOSH-approved APF 50 purifying respirator for use as an intermediate to produce cyanoacrylate adhesives when PIP (3:1) and PIP (3:1)-containing products are not contained in a closed system (i.e., except as described in paragraph (f)(7)(iii) of this section).

(x) Owners and operators must select and provide respirators as required in paragraph (f)(3) of this section consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(d)(1)(iv), and with consideration of workplace and user factors that affect respirator performance and reliability.

(xi) Owners and operators must ensure that respirators are used in compliance with the terms of the respirator's NIOSH certification.

(xii) Owners and operators must conduct regular evaluations of the workplace, including consultations with potentially exposed persons using respiratory protection, consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(l), to ensure that the provisions of the written respiratory protection program required under paragraph (f)(3) of this section are being effectively implemented.

(xiii) The respiratory protection requirements in this paragraph (f)(3) represent the minimum respiratory protection requirements, such that any respirator affording a higher degree of protection than the required respirator may be used.

(4) Dermal protection. (i) Owners or operators must require the donning of gloves that are chemically resistant to PIP (3:1) with activity-specific training where dermal contact with PIP (3:1) is reasonably expected. Owners or operators must minimize and protect potentially exposed persons from dermal exposure in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132.

(ii) Owners or operators must supply and require the donning of dermal PPE that separates and provides a barrier to prevent direct dermal contact with PIP (3:1) in the specific work area where it is selected for use, selected in accordance with this paragraph (f)(4) and provided in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132(h), to each person who is reasonably likely to be dermally exposed in the work area through direct dermal contact with PIP (3:1) For the purposes of this paragraph (f)(4), provisions in 29 CFR 1910.132(h) applying to an “employee” also apply equally to potentially exposed persons, and provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(iii) Dermal PPE that is of safe design and construction for the work to be performed must be provided, used, and maintained in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition. Owners and operators must select PPE that properly fits each affected person and communicate PPE selections to each affected person.

(iv) Owners or operators must provide training in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132(f) to all persons required to use dermal protection prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving exposure to PIP (3:1). For the purposes of this paragraph (f)(4), provisions in 29 CFR 1910.132(f) applying to an “employee” also apply equally to potentially exposed persons, and provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(v) Owners and operators must retrain each person required to use dermal protection at least annually or whenever the owner or operator has reason to believe that a previously trained person does not have the required understanding and skill to properly use dermal protection, or when changes in the workplace or in dermal protection to be used render the previous training obsolete.

(5) Engineering controls. Owners or operators manufacturing cyanoacrylate adhesives using PIP (3:1) as an intermediate processing aid must use the following engineering controls:

(i) Must take place in a closed loop system, and

(ii) General and local exhaust ventilation must be provided.

(6) Workplace protection records. (i) Owners or operators subject to requirements described in this section must retain records of:

(A) The name, workplace address, work shift, job classification, and work area of each person reasonably likely to directly handle PIP (3:1) or handle equipment or materials on which PIP (3:1) may be present, and the type of PPE selected to be worn by each of these persons;

(B) The basis for the regulated area as defined in § 751.403, including monitoring data and documentation of any controls or combination of controls that have reduced exposure to where airborne concentrations of PIP (3:1) can no longer reasonably be expected resulting in a smaller or no regulated area being established;

(C) The type of PPE selected by the owner or operator for use by each of these persons, the respiratory protection used by each potentially exposed person and PPE program implementation, including fit-testing and training;

(D) The basis for PPE selection (e.g., demonstration based on permeation testing or manufacturer specifications that each item of PPE selected provides an impervious barrier to prevent exposure during expected duration and conditions of exposure, including the likely combinations of chemical substances to which the PPE may be exposed in the work area);

(E) Appropriately sized PPE and training on proper application, wear, and removal of PPE, and proper care/disposal of PPE; and

(F) For owners and operators using PIP (3:1) as an intermediate processing aid in the manufacturing of cyanoacrylate adhesives, compliance with paragraph (f)(5) of this section.

(ii) These records must be maintained for a period of five years from the date the record is generated.

(iii) These records must be made available to EPA upon request.

(iv) The owner or operator must provide potentially exposed persons and their designated representative an opportunity to observe records related to the basis of the PPE or another control measure selection, including potential monitoring results that is representative of the potentially exposed person's exposure.

(7) Exclusions. The following are not subject to the workplace protection requirements of paragraph (f) of this section:

(i) Import of PIP (3:1) and PIP (3:1)-containing products and articles.

(ii) Processing of PIP (3:1)-containing adhesives and sealants, specialized engine filters for locomotive and marine applications, and the products or articles described in paragraphs (b)(1)(vi) and (vii) of this section.

(iii) Processing of PIP (3:1)-containing new and replacement parts to which PIP (3:1) has been added for motor and aerospace vehicles and for manufacturing, HVAC, refrigeration and water heating equipment, electric and electronic equipment, and power generating equipment and the motor and aerospace vehicles, manufacturing, HVAC, refrigeration and water heating equipment, electric and electronic equipment, and power generating equipment that contain new and replacement parts to which PIP (3:1) has been added.

(iv) Processing of PIP (3:1) and PIP (3:1)-containing products for use as an intermediate to produce cyanoacrylate adhesives when PIP (3:1) and PIP (3:1)-containing products are contained in a closed system as described in paragraph (f)(6) of this section are not subject to the provisions of paragraphs (f)(3) and (4) of this section.

§ 751.409 — 2,4,6-TTBP.

(a) Prohibitions. (1) After January 6, 2026, all persons are prohibited from all distribution in commerce of 2,4,6-TTBP, at any concentration above 0.3 percent by weight, in containers with a volume less than 35 gallons.

(2) After January 6, 2026, all persons are prohibited from all processing and distribution in commerce of 2,4,6-TTBP oil and lubricant additives at any concentration above 0.3 percent by weight.

(b) Recordkeeping. After January 6, 2026, distributors of 2,4,6-TTBP must maintain ordinary business records, such as invoices and bills-of-lading, related to compliance with the prohibitions, restrictions, and other provisions of this section. These records must be maintained for a period of three years from the date the record is generated.

§ 751.411 — PCTP.

(a) Prohibition. After March 8, 2021, all persons are prohibited from all manufacturing and processing of PCTP or PCTP-containing products or articles, unless PCTP concentrations are at or below 1% by weight. After January 6, 2022, all persons are prohibited from all distribution in commerce of PCTP or PCTP-containing products or articles, unless PCTP concentrations are at or below 1% by weight.

(b) Recordkeeping. After March 8, 2021, manufacturers, processors and distributors of PCTP or PCTP-containing products or articles must maintain ordinary business records related to compliance with the prohibitions, restrictions and other provisions of this section, such as invoices and bills-of-lading. These records must be maintained for a period of three years from the date the record is generated.

§ 751.413 — HCBD.

(a) Prohibition. After March 8, 2021, all persons are prohibited from all manufacturing, processing and distribution in commerce of HCBD and HCBD-containing products or articles, except for the following:

(1) Unintentional production of HCBD as a byproduct in the production of chlorinated solvents; and

(2) Processing and distribution in commerce of HCBD for burning as a waste fuel.

(b) Recordkeeping. After March 8, 2021, manufacturers, processors and distributors of HCBD or HCBD-containing products or articles must maintain ordinary business records related to compliance with the prohibitions, restrictions and other provisions of this section, such as invoices and bills-of-lading. These records must be maintained for a period of three years from the date the record is generated.

§ 751.501 — General.

This subpart sets certain restrictions on the manufacture (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, and commercial use and disposal of chrysotile asbestos (CASRN 132207-32-0) to prevent unreasonable risk of injury to health in accordance with TSCA section 6(a), 15 U.S.C. 2605(a).

§ 751.503 — Definitions.

The definitions in subpart A of this part apply to this subpart unless otherwise specified in this section. In addition, the following definitions apply to this subpart:

Aftermarket automotive brakes and linings means any automotive friction brake articles sold in the secondary market as replacement parts (e.g., brake pads, linings and shoes) used in disc and drum brake systems on automobiles and trucks.

Article means a manufactured item:

(1) Which is formed to a specific shape or design during manufacture;

(2) Which has end use function(s) dependent in whole or in part upon its shape or design during end use; and

(3) Which has either no change of chemical composition during its end use or only those changes of composition which have no commercial purpose separate from that of the article, and that result from a chemical reaction that occurs upon end use of other chemical substances, mixtures, or articles; except that fluids and particles are not considered articles regardless of shape or design.

Authorized person means any person specifically authorized by the owner or operator to enter, and whose duties require the person to enter, a regulated area.

Chrysotile asbestos is the asbestiform variety of a hydrated magnesium silicate mineral, with relatively long and flexible crystalline fibers that are capable of being woven.

Disposal means to discard, throw away, or otherwise complete or terminate the useful life of chrysotile asbestos, including any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles.

Distribution in commerce has the same meaning as in section 3 of the Act, but the term does not include distribution of chrysotile asbestos waste solely for purposes of disposal in accordance with this Subpart.

Diaphragms means semipermeable diaphragms, which separate the anode from the cathode chemicals in the production of chlorine and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda).

Gasket means an article used to form a leakproof seal between fixed components.

Membrane technology means a chlor-alkali production technology that uses chlorine production cells in which the anode and the cathode are separated by an ion-exchange membrane that is designed to allow only sodium ions and some water to pass through it.

Nuclear material means any source material, special nuclear material, or byproduct material (as such terms are defined in the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, and regulations issued under such Act).

Oilfield brake blocks means the friction brake blocks component in drawworks used in the hoisting mechanism for oil well drilling rigs.

Other gaskets means gaskets other than sheet gaskets in chemical production, to include gaskets used in the exhaust systems of utility vehicles.

Other vehicle friction products means friction articles such as brakes and clutches, other than aftermarket automotive brakes and linings, installed on any vehicle, including on off-road vehicles, trains, planes, etc. Other vehicle friction products does not include articles used in the NASA Super Guppy Turbine aircraft, a specialty cargo plane used for the transportation of oversized equipment that is owned and operated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Owner or operator means any person who owns, leases, operates, controls, or supervises a workplace covered by this subpart.

Potentially exposed person means any person who may be occupationally exposed to a chemical substance or mixture in a workplace as a result of a condition of use of that chemical substance or mixture.

Processing has the same meaning as in section 3 of the Act, but the term does not include processing of chrysotile asbestos waste solely for purposes of disposal in accordance with this subpart.

Regulated area means an area established by the regulated entity to demarcate where airborne concentrations of a specific chemical substance exceed, or there is a reasonable possibility they may exceed, the ECEL.

Savannah River Site means the Department of Energy's nuclear waste management and related national defense operations at its Savannah River Site in Aiken, Barnwell and Allendale counties in South Carolina, including operations at H-Canyon, F and H Tank Farms, Defense Waste Processing Facility, Savannah River National Laboratory and any on-site facility managed by Savannah River Nuclear Solutions.

Sheet gaskets in chemical production means gaskets cut from sheeting, including asbestos-containing rubberized sheeting, that are used in facilities for extreme condition applications such as titanium dioxide manufacturing, or processing nuclear material.

§ 751.505 — Manufacturing, processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos diaphragms in the chlor-alkali industry.

(a) After May 28, 2024, all persons are prohibited from manufacture (including import) of chrysotile asbestos, including any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, for diaphragms in the chlor-alkali industry.

(b) After May 28, 2029, all persons are prohibited from processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos, including any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, for diaphragms in the chlor-alkali industry, except as provided in paragraphs (c) through (d) of this section.

(c) Any person who meets all of the criteria of this paragraph (c) may process, distribute in commerce and commercially use chrysotile asbestos, including any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, for diaphragms in the chlor-alkali industry at no more than two facilities until May 25, 2032:

(1) On May 28, 2024, the person owns or operates more than one facility that uses chrysotile asbestos in chlor-alkali production;

(2) The person is converting more than one facility that the person owns or operates that as of May 28, 2024 uses chrysotile asbestos in chlor-alkali production from the use of chrysotile asbestos diaphragms to non-chrysotile asbestos membrane technology, and by May 28, 2029, the person has ceased all processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos at one (or more) facility undergoing or that has undergone conversion to non-chrysotile asbestos membrane technology; and

(3) The person certifies to EPA compliance with the provisions of this paragraph, in accordance with § 751.507.

(d) Any person who meets all of the criteria of this paragraph (d) may process, distribute in commerce and commercially use chrysotile asbestos, including any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, for diaphragms in the chlor-alkali industry at not more than one facility until May 26, 2036:

(1) On May 28, 2024, the person owns or operates more than two facilities that use chrysotile asbestos in chlor-alkali production; and

(2) The person is converting more than two facilities that the person owns or operates that as of May 28, 2024 use chrysotile asbestos in chlor-alkali production from the use of chrysotile asbestos diaphragms to non-chrysotile asbestos membrane technology:

(i) By May 28, 2029, the person has ceased all processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos at one (or more) facility undergoing or that has undergone such conversion; and

(ii) By May 25, 2032 the person has ceased all processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos at two (or more) facilities undergoing or that have undergone conversion to non-chrysotile asbestos membrane technology; and

(3) The person certifies to EPA compliance with the provisions of this paragraph, in accordance with § 751.507.

§ 751.507 — Certification of compliance for the chlor-alkali industry.

(a) In addition to meeting the requirements of §§ 751.505(c), any person who processes, distributes in commerce or commercially uses chrysotile asbestos for diaphragms in the chlor-alkali industry between May 28, 2029 and May 25, 2032 must:

(1) Certify to EPA their compliance with all requirements of § 751.505(c); and

(2) Provide the following information to EPA to support their compliance with the requirements of § 751.505(c):

(i) Identification of the facility for which, by May 28, 2029, the person has ceased all processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos, pursuant to § 751.505(c)(2), including:

(A) facility name, location, and mailing address;

(B) name of facility manager or other contact, title, phone number and email address; and

(C) date the person ceased all processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos at the facility.

(ii) Identification of the facility or facilities (no more than two facilities) for which the person will after May 28, 2029, continue to process, distribute in commerce and commercially use chrysotile asbestos diaphragms while the facility or facilities are being converted to non-chrysotile asbestos membrane technology, pursuant to § 751.505(c), including for each facility:

(A) facility name, location, and mailing address; and

(B) name of facility manager or other contact, title, phone number and email address.

(b) In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section and § 751.505(d), any person who processes, distributes in commerce or commercially uses chrysotile asbestos for diaphragms in the chlor-alkali industry between May 25, 2032 and May 26, 2036 must:

(1) Certify to EPA their compliance with all requirements of § 751.505(d); and

(2) Provide the following information to EPA to support their compliance with the requirements of § 751.505(d):

(i) Identification of the facility identified in § 751.505(d)(2)(ii) at which as of May 25, 2032, the person has ceased all processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos, including:

(A) facility name, location, and mailing address;

(B) name of facility manager or other contact, title, phone number and email address; and

(C) date the person has ceased all processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos at the facility.

(ii) Identification of the facility at which the person will between May 25, 2032 and no later than May 26, 2036, continue to process, distribute in commerce and commercially use chrysotile asbestos diaphragms while the facility is being converted to non-chrysotile asbestos membrane technology pursuant to § 751.505(d), including:

(A) facility name, location, and mailing address; and

(B) name of facility manager or other contact, title, phone number and email address.

(c) The certification required by paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section must be signed and dated by a responsible corporate officer. For the purpose of this section, a responsible corporate officer means: a president, secretary, treasurer, or vice-president of the corporation in charge of chlor-alkali operations, or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-making functions for the corporation.

(d) Any person signing a document under paragraph (c) of this section shall also make the following certification:

(e) This certification must be submitted to the Director, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT), using the address specified at 40 CFR 700.17(a).

(1) The certification under paragraph (a) of this section must be submitted no later than 10 business days after May 28, 2029; and

(2) The certification under paragraph (b) of this section must be submitted no later than 10 business days after May 25, 2032.

§ 751.509 — Other prohibitions and restrictions on the manufacturing, processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos.

(a) After May 27, 2026, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing), processing, distributing in commerce, and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos, including any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, for use in sheet gaskets for chemical production, except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section. Any sheet gaskets for chemical production which are already installed for use on May 27, 2026 are not subject to the distribution in commerce and commercial use prohibitions.

(b) Any person may commercially use chrysotile asbestos sheet gaskets for titanium dioxide production until May 28, 2029.

(c)(1)(i) Any person may commercially use chrysotile asbestos sheet gaskets for processing nuclear material until May 28, 2029.

(ii) Any person may commercially use chrysotile asbestos sheet gaskets for processing nuclear material at the Savannah River Site until December 31, 2037.

(2) After November 25, 2024, any person commercially using chrysotile asbestos sheet gaskets for processing nuclear material pursuant to (c)(1)(i) and (ii) must have in place exposure controls expected to reduce exposure of potentially exposed persons to asbestos, and provide potentially exposed persons in the regulated area where chrysotile asbestos sheet gasket replacement is being performed a full-face air purifying respirator with a P-100 (HEPA) cartridge (providing an assigned protection factor of 50), or other respirator that provides a similar or higher level of protection to the wearer.

(3)(i) Any sheet gaskets for processing nuclear material which are already installed for use on May 28, 2029 are not subject to the distribution in commerce and commercial use prohibitions in paragraphs (a) of this section.

(ii) Any sheet gaskets for processing nuclear material at the Savannah River Site which are already installed for use on December 31, 2037, are not subject to the distribution in commerce and commercial use prohibitions in paragraphs (a) of this section.

(d) After November 25, 2024, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing), processing, distribution in commerce and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos, including any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, for commercial use of:

(1) Oilfield brake blocks;

(2) Aftermarket automotive brakes and linings;

(3) Other vehicle friction products; and

(4) Other gaskets.

(e) After November 25, 2024, all persons are prohibited from the manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of chrysotile asbestos, including any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, for consumer use of:

(1) Aftermarket automotive brakes and linings; and

(2) Other gaskets.

(f) On November 25, 2024:

(1) Any aftermarket automotive brakes and linings, other vehicle friction products, and other gaskets which are already installed for commercial use are not subject to the prohibitions on distribution in commerce and commercial use under paragraph (d) of this section.

(2) Any aftermarket automotive brakes and linings, and other gaskets which are already installed for consumer use are not subject to the distribution in commerce prohibition under paragraph (e) of this section.

§ 751.511 — Interim workplace controls of chrysotile asbestos exposures.

(a) Applicability. This section applies to processing and commercial use of chrysotile asbestos, including any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, for chrysotile asbestos diaphragms in the chlor-alkali industry; and to the commercial use of chrysotile asbestos sheet gaskets for titanium dioxide production.

(b) Interim Existing Chemical Exposure Limit (ECEL). Beginning November 25, 2024, the owner or operator must ensure that no person is exposed to an airborne concentration of chrysotile asbestos in excess of the interim ECEL for chrysotile asbestos of 0.005 fibers (f)/cubic centimeter (cc) as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA). Where an owner or operator cannot demonstrate exposure at or below the ECEL, including through the use of all technically feasible engineering controls or work practices as described in paragraph (e)(1) of this section, and has not demonstrated that it has appropriately supplemented with respiratory protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section, this will constitute a failure to comply with the ECEL.

(c) Exposure monitoring—(1) In general. (i) Owners or operators must determine each potentially exposed person's exposure from personal breathing zone air samples that are representative of the 8-hour TWA exposure of each potentially exposed person.

(ii) Representative 8-hour TWA of a potentially exposed person's exposure must be determined on the basis of one or more samples representing full-shift exposures for each shift for each potentially exposed person in each job classification in each work area.

(2) Initial exposure monitoring. No later than November 25, 2024 each owner or operator covered by paragraph (a) of this section as of May 28, 2024, must perform initial exposure monitoring of all potentially exposed persons.

(3) Periodic exposure monitoring. The owner or operator must establish an exposure monitoring program for periodic monitoring of exposure to chrysotile asbestos. If one or more samples representing full-shift exposures from the most recent exposure monitoring exceeds the ECEL (>0.005 f/cc 8-hour TWA), periodic exposure monitoring is required within three months of the most recent exposure monitoring. Otherwise, periodic exposure monitoring is required within six months of the most recent exposure monitoring.

(4) Additional exposure monitoring. The owner or operator must conduct additional exposure monitoring within a reasonable timeframe after there has been a change in the production, process, control equipment, personnel or work practices that may result in new or additional exposures above the ECEL or the owner or operator has any reason to suspect that a change may result in new or additional exposures above the ECEL.

(5) Method of monitoring. (i) Exposure monitoring samples must be personal breathing zone samples collected and analyzed using methods and quality control procedures described in appendix A to 29 CFR 1910.1001, or as referenced in appendix A to 29 CFR 1910.1001 (Appendix B to 29 CFR 1910.1001, OSHA method ID-160, or the NIOSH 7400 method).

(ii) Owners or operators must use exposure monitoring methods that conform with the OSHA Reference Method specified in appendix A of 29 CFR 1910.1001 or an equivalent method. If an equivalent method is used, the owner or operator must ensure that the method meets the following criteria:

(A) Replicate exposure data used to establish equivalency are collected in side-by-side field and laboratory comparisons; and

(B) The comparison indicates that 90% of the samples collected in the range 0.5 to 2.0 times the ECEL or the lowest concentration possible have an accuracy range of plus or minus 25 percent of the OSHA Reference Method specified in appendix A of 29 CFR 1910.1001 at a 95 percent confidence level as demonstrated by a statistically valid protocol. The NIOSH 7402 analytical method may be applied to adjust the analytical result to include only chrysotile asbestos.

(6) Notification of exposure monitoring results. (i) The owner or operator must, within 15 business days of receipt of monitoring results, notify each potentially exposed person of these results either individually in writing or by posting the results in an appropriate location that is accessible to all potentially exposed persons. The notice must be in plain language and understandable to all potentially exposed persons.

(ii) The written notification required by paragraph (c)(6)(i) of this section must include the corrective action being taken by the owner or operator to reduce exposure to or below the ECEL, wherever monitoring results indicated that the ECEL had been exceeded.

(d) Regulated areas—(1) Establishment. Beginning November 25, 2024 the owner or operator must establish regulated areas wherever airborne concentrations of chrysotile asbestos exceed, or there is a reasonable possibility that they may exceed, the ECEL.

(2) Demarcation. The owner or operator must demarcate regulated areas from the rest of the workplace in a manner that minimizes the number of persons who will be exposed to chrysotile asbestos.

(3) Access. The owner or operator must limit access to regulated areas to authorized persons or other persons required by work duties to be present in regulated areas.

(4) Provision of respirators. The owner or operator must supply a respirator selected in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section to each person entering a regulated area and must require the use of such respirator.

(5) Prohibited activities. The owner or operator must ensure that persons do not eat, drink, smoke, chew tobacco or gum, or apply cosmetics in the regulated area.

(e) Exposure Control Procedures and Plan—(1) Exposure Controls. (A) The owner or operator must institute engineering controls and work practices to reduce and maintain airborne chrysotile asbestos concentrations to or below the ECEL, except to the extent that the owner or operator can demonstrate that such controls are not feasible.

(B) Wherever the feasible engineering controls and work practices that can be instituted are not sufficient to reduce airborne chrysotile asbestos concentrations to or below the ECEL, the owner or operator must use them to reduce exposures to the lowest levels achievable by these controls. If the feasible engineering controls and work practices cannot reduce exposures to or below the ECEL, the owner or operator must supplement the controls by providing and requiring the use of respiratory protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section.

(2) Exposure Control Plan Requirements. (i) Beginning March 28, 2025, when the airborne chrysotile asbestos concentrations exceed the ECEL, or are reasonably expected to exceed the ECEL, owners and operators must establish and implement an exposure control plan to reduce exposures to all potentially exposed persons to or below the ECEL by means of engineering controls and work practices, and by the use of respiratory protection where required under paragraph (e)(1)(B) of this section. The exposure control plan must be available to persons exposed to chrysotile asbestos.

(ii) The exposure control plan must be reviewed and updated as necessary, but at least annually, to reflect any significant changes in the status of the owner or operator's compliance with the requirements of this section.

(iii) The owner or operator must not implement a schedule of personnel rotation as a means of compliance with the ECEL.

(iv) The exposure control plan must include:

(A) An explanation of the exposure controls considered, a rationale for why exposure controls were selected or not selected, based on feasibility, effectiveness, and other relevant considerations;

(B) Descriptions of actions the owner or operator must take to implement the exposure controls selected, including proper installation, maintenance, training, or other actions, and the estimated timeline for implementing such controls;

(C) Description of activities conducted by the owner or operator to review and update the exposure control plan to ensure effectiveness of the exposure controls, identify any necessary updates to the exposure controls, and confirm that all persons are properly implementing the exposure controls; and

(D) An explanation of the procedures for responding to any change that may reasonably be expected to introduce additional sources of exposure to chrysotile asbestos, or otherwise result in increased exposure to chrysotile asbestos, including procedures for implementing corrective actions to mitigate exposure to chrysotile asbestos.

(f) Respiratory protection—(1) Method of Compliance. Beginning November 25, 2024, if an owner or operator is required to provide respiratory protection pursuant to paragraphs (d)(4) or (e)(1)(B) of this section, the owner or operator must provide each potentially exposed person with a respirator according to the requirements of this section.

(2) Respirator program. For purposes of this paragraph (f)(2), the cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 applying to an “employee” also apply equally to potentially exposed persons, and provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(i) Owners and operators must select respiratory protection that properly fits each affected person and communicate respirator selections to each affected person consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(f) and 1910.134 app. A.

(ii) Owners and operators must provide, ensure use of, and maintain (in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition) respiratory protection that is of safe design and construction for the applicable condition of use consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(g) through (j) and 1910.134 app. B-1 to B-2.

(iii) Prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving potential exposure to chrysotile asbestos, owners and operators must provide training and retraining to all persons required to use respiratory protection consistent with 29 CFR 1910.134(k).

(3) Respirator selection. Owners or operators must select and provide appropriate respirators based on the most recent exposure monitoring. The minimum respiratory protection that must be provided is as follows:

(i) If the most recent exposure monitoring indicates that the exposure concentration is at or below the 0.005 f/cc (ECEL): no respiratory protection is required.

(ii) If the most recent exposure monitoring indicates that the exposure concentration is above 0.005 f/cc (ECEL) and less than or equal to 0.05 f/cc (10 times the ECEL):

(A) A half-mask supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator operated in demand mode; or

(B) A half-mask self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) respirator operated in demand mode (Assigned Protection Factor 10).

(iii) If the most recent exposure monitoring indicates that the exposure concentration is above 0.05 f/cc (10 times the ECEL) and less than or equal to 0.125 f/cc (25 times the ECEL): A loose fitting facepiece supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator operated in continuous flow mode (Assigned Protection Factor 25).

(iv) If the most recent exposure monitoring indicates that the exposure concentration is above 0.125 f/cc (25 times the ECEL) and less than or equal to 0.25 f/cc (50 times the ECEL):

(A) A full facepiece supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator operated in demand mode; or

(B) A half-mask supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator operated in continuous flow mode; or

(C) A half-mask supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator operated in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode; or

(D) A full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) respirator operated in demand mode; or

(E) A helmet/hood self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) respirator operated in demand mode (Assigned Protection Factor 50).

(v) If the most recent exposure monitoring indicates that the exposure concentration is above 0.25 f/cc (50 times the ECEL) and less than or equal to 5 f/cc (1,000 times the ECEL): A full-facepiece supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator operated in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode (Assigned Protection Factor 1,000).

(vi) If the most recent exposure monitoring indicates that the exposure concentration is above 5 f/cc (1,000 times the ECEL) and less than or equal to 50 f/cc (10,000 times the ECEL):

(A) A full-facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) respirator operated in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode; or

(B) A helmet/hood self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) respirator operated in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode (Assigned Protection Factor 10,000).

(vii) The respiratory protection requirements in paragraph (f)(3) of this section represent the minimum respiratory protection requirements, such that any respirator affording a higher degree of protection than the required respirator may be used.

(g) Workplace information and training. (1) By November 25, 2024, the owner or operator must institute a training program and ensure that persons potentially exposed to chrysotile asbestos participate in the program according to the requirements of this paragraph (g).

(2) The owner or operator must train each potentially exposed person prior or at the time of a potential exposure to chrysotile asbestos and at least annually thereafter.

(3) The owner or operator must ensure that information and training is presented in a manner that is understandable to each person required to be trained.

(4) The following information and training must be provided to all persons potentially exposed to chrysotile asbestos:

(i) The health effects associated with exposure to chrysotile asbestos, based on the most recent publication by EPA, OSHA, NIOSH, and/or CDC;

(ii) The quantity, location, manner of use, release, and storage of chrysotile asbestos and the specific operations in the workplace that could result in exposure to chrysotile asbestos, noting where each regulated area is located;

(iii) The specific procedures implemented to control exposures and manage occupational risks to persons potentially exposed to chrysotile asbestos, such as engineering controls, work practices and personal protective equipment to be used; and

(iv) The requirements of this section, as well as how to access or obtain a copy of these regulations.

(5) Whenever there are workplace changes, such as modifications of tasks or procedures or the institution of new tasks or procedures, or when the airborne concentration of chrysotile asbestos increases, or when the exposure control plan is updated according to paragraph (e)(2)(ii) of this section, the owner or operator must update the training and re-train each potentially exposed person.

§ 751.513 — Disposal.

(a) After November 25, 2024, all persons disposing of chrysotile asbestos and any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles subject to § 751.505, must dispose of chrysotile asbestos and any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, as applicable:

(1) In accordance with the Asbestos General Industry Standard—(29 CFR 1910.1001(k)).

(2) In conformance with the asbestos waste disposal requirements at 40 CFR 61.150.

(b) After November 25, 2024, all persons disposing of chrysotile asbestos and any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles subject to paragraphs (a) through (c) of § 751.509 must dispose of chrysotile asbestos and any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, as applicable:

(1) In accordance with the Asbestos Safety and Health Regulations for Construction—(29 CFR 1926.1101)

(2) [Reserved]

(c) After November 25, 2024, all persons disposing of chrysotile asbestos and any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles subject to § 751.509(d) must dispose of chrysotile asbestos and any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, as applicable:

(1) In accordance with the Asbestos General Industry Standard—(29 CFR 1910.1001).

(2) In conformance with the asbestos waste disposal requirements at 40 CFR 61.150.

(d) After November 25, 2024, each manufacturer (including importer), processor, and distributor of chrysotile asbestos, including any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, for consumer use, disposing of chrysotile asbestos and any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles subject to § 751.509(e), must dispose of chrysotile asbestos and any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles, as applicable:

(1) In accordance with the Asbestos General Industry Standard at 29 CFR 1910.1001(k).

(2) In conformance with the asbestos waste disposal requirements at 40 CFR 61.150.

§ 751.515 — Recordkeeping.

(a) General records. After November 25, 2024, all persons who manufacture (including import), process, or distribute in commerce or engage in commercial use of chrysotile asbestos must maintain ordinary business records, such as invoices and bills-of-lading related to compliance with the prohibitions, restrictions, and other provisions of this subpart.

(b) Certification of compliance for chlor-alkali industry records. Persons required pursuant to § 751.507 to certify compliance with § 751.505 must:

(1) Retain records of certifications prepared to comply with § 751.507 and records to substantiate such certifications; and

(2) Make the records retained pursuant to paragraph (b)(1) of this section available to EPA for inspection.

(c) Interim workplace controls of chrysotile asbestos exposures records—(1) Exposure monitoring. For each monitoring event, owners or operators subject to the exposure monitoring required by § 751.511(c) must document, retain records of the following and make them available to EPA for inspection:

(i) Dates, duration, and results of each sample taken;

(ii) The quantity, location(s) and manner of chrysotile asbestos use at the time of each monitoring event;

(iii) All measurements that may be necessary to determine sampling conditions that may have affected the monitoring results;

(iv) Name, address, work shift, job classification, work area, and type of respiratory protection (if any) of each monitored person;

(v) Sampling and analytical methods used and documentation of compliance with the quality control procedures described in § 751.511(c)(5)(i) and (ii); and

(vi) Notification of exposure monitoring results in accordance with § 751.511(c)(6).

(2) Other requirements. Owners or operators subject to the interim workplace controls described in § 751.511 must retain records and make them available to EPA for inspection of:

(i) The exposure control plan and its implementation as required by § 751.511(e).

(ii) Respiratory protection used and program implementation as described in § 751.511(f); and

(iii) Information and training provided by the owner or operator as required by § 751.511(g).

(d) Disposal records. Each person, except a consumer, who disposes of any chrysotile asbestos and any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles subject to § 751.513, after November 25, 2024 must retain in one location at the headquarters of the company, or at the facility for which the records were generated, documentation showing any records related to any disposal of chrysotile asbestos and any chrysotile asbestos-containing products or articles generated pursuant to, or otherwise documenting compliance with, regulations specified in § 751.513.

(e) Retention. The documentation in this section must be retained for 5 years from the date of generation.

§ 751.601 — General.

(a) Applicability. This Subpart establishes prohibitions and restrictions on the manufacture (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, use, and disposal of perchloroethylene (CASRN 127-18-4) (PCE), also known as tetrachloroethylene, to prevent unreasonable risk of injury to health in accordance with TSCA section 6(a).

(b) Regulatory threshold. Unless otherwise specified in this Subpart, the prohibitions and restrictions of this Subpart do not apply to products containing PCE at thresholds less than 0.1 percent by weight.

(c) Owner and operator requirements. Any requirement for an owner or operator, or an owner and operator, is a requirement for any individual that is either an owner or an operator.

§ 751.603 — Definitions.

The definitions in Subpart A of part 751 apply to this Subpart unless otherwise specified in this section. In addition, the following definitions apply to this Subpart:

3rd generation machine means a dry-to-dry machine with a refrigerated condenser, as those terms are defined in 40 CFR part 63, subpart M.

4th or 5th generation machine means a dry-to-dry machine with a carbon adsorber and refrigerated condenser, as those terms are defined in 40 CFR part 63, subpart M.

Distribute in commerce has the same meaning as in section 3 of the Act, except that the term does not include retailers for purposes of §§ 751.613 and 751.615.

ECEL has the same meaning as in § 751.5 and, for PCE, is an airborne concentration of PCE of 0.14 part per million (ppm).

ECEL action level means a concentration of airborne PCE of 0.10 part per million (ppm) calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA).

Energized electrical cleaner means a product that meets both of the following criteria: (1) the product is labeled to clean and/or degrease electrical equipment, where cleaning and/or degreasing is accomplished when electrical current exists, or when there is a residual electrical potential from a component, such as a capacitor; and (2) the product label clearly displays the statements: “Energized Equipment use only. Not to be used for motorized vehicle maintenance, or their parts.”

§ 751.605 — Prohibitions of manufacturing, processing, distribution in commerce, and use.

(a) Applicability. (1) The provisions of this section apply as indicated in paragraph (b) of this section to all manufacturing (including import), processing, and distribution in commerce of PCE for consumer use.

(2) The provisions of this section apply as indicated in paragraph (b) of this section to:

(i) All manufacturing (including import), processing, and distribution in commerce of PCE for industrial and commercial use, other than for the industrial and commercial uses addressed under §§ 751.607(a), 751.609(a), and 751.611(a), or covered by paragraph (a)(3) of this section; and

(ii) All industrial and commercial use of PCE, other than the industrial and commercial uses addressed under §§ 751.607(a), 751.609(a), and 751.611(a), or covered by paragraph (a)(3) of this section.

(3) The provisions of this section apply as indicated in paragraph (b) of this section to all manufacturing (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, and industrial and commercial use of PCE in dry cleaning and related spot cleaning, including:

(i) Industrial and commercial use in dry cleaning and related spot cleaning in 3rd generation machines; and

(ii) Industrial and commercial use in dry cleaning and related spot cleaning in 4th and 5th generation machines.

(4) This section does not apply to the distribution in commerce or use of clothing and articles that have been commercially dry cleaned with PCE.

(5) This section does not apply to manufacturing, processing, or distribution in commerce of PCE solely for export that meets the conditions described in TSCA section 12(a)(1)(A) and (B).

(b) Prohibitions. (1) After June 11, 2026, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing) PCE for the uses listed in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2)(ii) of this section.

(2) After September 9, 2026, all persons are prohibited from processing PCE, including any PCE-containing products, for the uses listed in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2)(ii) of this section.

(3) After December 8, 2026, all persons are prohibited from distributing in commerce (including making available) PCE, including any PCE-containing products, to retailers for any use other than commercial dry cleaning.

(4) After March 8, 2027, all retailers are prohibited from distributing in commerce (including making available) PCE, including any PCE-containing products.

(5) After March 8, 2027, all persons are prohibited from distributing in commerce (including making available) PCE, including any PCE-containing products, for the uses described in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2)(ii) of this section.

(6) After June 7, 2027, all persons are prohibited from industrial or commercial use of PCE, including any PCE-containing products, for the uses listed in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section.

(7) All persons are prohibited from industrial or commercial use of PCE in dry cleaning machines acquired after June 16, 2025.

(8) After December 20, 2027, all persons are prohibited from industrial or commercial use of PCE for the use listed in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section.

(9) After December 19, 2034, all persons are prohibited from the manufacturing (including importing), processing, distribution in commerce, or industrial or commercial use of PCE for dry cleaning and spot cleaning, including for the use listed in paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section.

(10) After December 19, 2034, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, or use of PCE, including any PCE containing products, for industrial or commercial use in an emergency by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration or its contractors as described in § 751.117(b).

§ 751.607 — Workplace Chemical Protection Program (WCPP).

(a) Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to the following conditions of use of PCE, including manufacturing and processing for export, unless otherwise indicated in this section, except to the extent the conditions of use are prohibited by § 751.605:

(1) Manufacturing (domestic manufacture);

(2) Manufacturing (import);

(3) Processing as a reactant/intermediate;

(4) Processing into formulation, mixture or reaction product;

(5) Repackaging;

(6) Industrial and commercial use as solvent for open-top batch vapor degreasing;

(7) Industrial and commercial use as solvent for closed-loop batch vapor degreasing

(8) Industrial and commercial use in maskant for chemical milling;

(9) Industrial and commercial use in solvent-based adhesives and sealants;

(10) Industrial and commercial use as a processing aid in catalyst regeneration in petrochemical manufacturing;

(11) Industrial and commercial use as a processing aid in sectors other than petrochemical manufacturing;

(12) Industrial and commercial use for cold cleaning of tanker vessels;

(13) Recycling; and

(14) Disposal.

(b) Existing chemical exposure limit (ECEL)—(1) Applicability. The provisions of this paragraph (b) apply to any workplace engaged in a condition of use that is listed in paragraph (a)(1) through (12) of this section and not prohibited by § 751.605.

(2) Eight-hour time-weighted average (TWA) ECEL. Beginning September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, March 13, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, or beginning four months after introduction of PCE into the workplace if PCE use commences after December 15, 2025, the owner or operator must ensure that no person is exposed to an airborne concentration of PCE in excess of the ECEL, consistent with the requirements of paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section and, if necessary, paragraph (f) of this section.

(3) Exposure monitoring—(i) General. (A) Owners or operators must determine each potentially exposed person's exposure, without regard to respiratory protection, by either:

(1) Taking a personal breathing zone air sample of each potentially exposed person's exposure; or

(2) Taking personal breathing zone air samples that are representative of the 8-hour TWA of each exposure group.

(B) Personal breathing zone air samples are representative of the 8-hour TWA of all potentially exposed persons in an exposure group if the samples are of at least one person's full-shift exposure who represents the highest potential PCE exposures in that exposure group. Personal breathing zone air samples taken during one work shift may be used to represent potentially exposed person exposures on other work shifts where the owner or operator can document that the tasks performed and conditions in the workplace are similar across shifts.

(C) Exposure samples must be analyzed using an appropriate analytical method by a laboratory that complies with the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) Standards in 40 CFR part 792 or a laboratory accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) or another industry-recognized program.

(D) Owners or operators must ensure that methods used to perform exposure monitoring produce results that are accurate, to a confidence level of 95 percent, to within plus or minus 25 percent for airborne concentrations of PCE.

(E) Owners and operators must re-monitor within 15 working days after receipt of any exposure monitoring when results indicate non-detect, unless an Environmental Professional as defined at 40 CFR 312.10 or a Certified Industrial Hygienist reviews the monitoring results and determines re-monitoring is not necessary.

(ii) Initial monitoring. By June 21, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, by December 15, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within 30 days of introduction of PCE into the workplace, whichever is later, each owner or operator covered by this section must perform initial monitoring of potentially exposed persons. Where the owner or operator has monitoring results from monitoring conducted within five years prior to February 18, 2025 and the monitoring satisfies all other requirements of this section, the owner or operator may rely on such earlier monitoring results to satisfy the requirements of this paragraph.

(iii) Periodic monitoring. The owner or operator must establish an exposure monitoring program for periodic monitoring of exposure to PCE in accordance with table 1.

(iv) Additional monitoring. (A) The owner or operator must conduct the exposure monitoring required by paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section within 30 days after there has been a change in the production, process, control equipment, personnel or work practices that may reasonably be expected to result in new or additional exposures above the ECEL action level or when the owner or operator has any reason to believe that new or additional exposures above the ECEL action level have occurred. Prior monitoring data cannot be used to meet this requirement.

(B) Whenever start-ups or shutdowns, or spills, leaks, ruptures or other breakdowns or unexpected releases occur that may lead to exposure to potentially exposed persons, the owner or operator must conduct the exposure monitoring required by paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section within 30 days after the conclusion of the start-up or shutdown and/or the cleanup of the spill or repair of the leak, rupture or other breakdown. Prior monitoring data cannot be used to meet this requirement.

(v) Observation of monitoring. (A) Owners and operators must provide potentially exposed persons or their designated representatives an opportunity to observe any monitoring of occupational exposure to PCE that is conducted under this section and designed to characterize their exposure.

(B) When monitoring observation requires entry into a regulated area, the owner or operator must provide the observers with the required PPE.

(C) Only persons who are authorized to have access to facilities classified in the interest of national security must be permitted to observe exposure monitoring conducted in such facilities.

(vi) Notification of monitoring results. (A) The owner or operator must inform each person whose exposures are monitored or who is part of a monitored exposure group and their designated representatives of any monitoring results within 15 working days of receipt of those monitoring results.

(B) This notification must include the following:

(1) Exposure monitoring results;

(2) Identification and explanation of the ECEL and ECEL action level;

(3) Statement of whether the monitored airborne concentration of PCE exceeds the ECEL action level or ECEL;

(4) If the ECEL is exceeded, descriptions of any exposure controls implemented by the owner or operator to reduce exposures to or below the ECEL, as required by paragraph (d)(1) of this section;

(5) Explanation of any respiratory protection provided in accordance with paragraphs (b)(4)(iv), (d)(1)(i), and (f) of this section;

(6) Quantity of PCE in use at the time of monitoring;

(7) Location of PCE use at the time of monitoring;

(8) Manner of PCE use at the time of monitoring; and

(9) Identified releases of PCE.

(C) Notice must be written in plain language and either provided to each potentially exposed person and their designated representatives individually in a language that the person understands, or posted in an appropriate and accessible location outside the regulated area with an English-language version and a non-English language version representing the language of the largest group of workers who do not read English.

(4) Regulated areas—(i) Establishment. By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government and by March 13, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within three months after receipt of any exposure monitoring that indicates exposures exceeding the ECEL, the owner or operator must establish and maintain a regulated area wherever airborne concentrations of PCE exceed or can reasonably be expected to exceed, the ECEL.

(ii) Access. The owner or operator must limit access to regulated areas to authorized persons.

(iii) Demarcation. The owner or operator must demarcate regulated areas from the rest of the workplace in a manner that adequately establishes and alerts persons to the boundaries of the area and minimizes the number of authorized persons exposed to PCE within the regulated area.

(iv) Provisions of respirators. (A) The owner or operator must ensure that each person who enters a regulated area is supplied with a respirator selected in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section and must ensure that all persons within the regulated area are using the provided respirators whenever PCE exposures may exceed the ECEL.

(B) An owner or operator who has implemented all feasible controls as required in paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section, and who has established a regulated area as required by paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section where PCE exposure can be reliably predicted to exceed the ECEL only on certain days (for example, because of work or process schedule) must have persons use respirators in that regulated area on those days.

(v) Prohibited activities. (A) The owner or operator must ensure that, within a regulated area, persons do not engage in non-work activities which may increase PCE exposure.

(B) The owner or operator must ensure that while persons are wearing respirators in the regulated area, they do not engage in activities which interfere with respirator performance.

(c) DDCC. Beginning September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government and beginning March 13, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, owners or operators must ensure that all persons are separated, distanced, physically removed, or isolated from direct dermal contact with PCE consistent with the requirements of paragraph (d)(1)(ii) of this section and, if necessary, paragraph (f) of this section.

(d) Exposure control procedures and plan—(1) Methods of compliance—(i) ECEL. (A) By December 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by June 7, 2027 for non-Federal owners and operators, the owner or operator must institute one or a combination of elimination, substitution, engineering controls, or administrative controls to reduce exposure to or below the ECEL except to the extent that the owner or operator can demonstrate that such controls are not feasible, in accordance with the hierarchy of controls.

(B) If the feasible controls required under paragraph (d)(1)(i)(A) of this section that can be instituted do not reduce exposures for potentially exposed persons to or below the ECEL, then the owner or operator must use such controls to reduce exposure to the lowest levels achievable by these controls and must supplement those controls with the use of respiratory protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section.

(C) Where an owner or operator cannot demonstrate exposure to PCE has been reduced to or below the ECEL through the use of controls required under paragraphs (d)(1)(i)(A) and (B) of this section, and has not demonstrated that it has appropriately supplemented with respiratory protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section, this will constitute a failure to comply with the ECEL.

(ii) DDCC requirements. (A) By December 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by June 7, 2027 for non-Federal owners and operators, the owner or operator must institute one or a combination of elimination, substitution, engineering controls, or administrative controls to prevent all persons from direct dermal contact with PCE except to the extent that the owner or operator can demonstrate that such controls are not feasible.

(B) If the feasible controls required under paragraph (d)(1)(ii)(A) of this section that can be instituted do not prevent direct dermal contact, then the owner or operator must use such controls to reduce direct dermal contact to the extent achievable by these controls and must supplement those controls with the use of dermal protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section.

(C) Where an owner or operator cannot demonstrate direct dermal contact to PCE is prevented through the use of controls required under paragraphs (d)(1)(ii)(A) and (B) of this section, and has not demonstrated that it has appropriately supplemented with dermal protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section, this will constitute a failure to comply with the direct dermal contact control requirements.

(2) Exposure control plan. By December 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by June 7, 2027 for non-Federal owners and operators, each owner and operator must establish and implement an exposure control plan.

(i) Exposure control plan contents. The exposure control plan must include documentation of the following:

(A) Identification of exposure controls that were considered, including those that were used or not used to meet the requirements of paragraphs (d)(1)(i)(A) and (d)(1)(ii)(A) of this section, in the following sequence: elimination, substitution, engineering controls and administrative controls;

(B) For each exposure control considered, a rationale for why the exposure control was selected or not selected based on feasibility, effectiveness, and other relevant considerations;

(C) A description of actions the owner or operator must take to implement exposure controls selected, including proper installation, regular inspections, maintenance, training or other actions;

(D) A description of regulated areas, how they are demarcated, and persons authorized to enter the regulated areas;

(E) Description of activities conducted by the owner or operator to review and update the exposure control plan to ensure effectiveness of the exposure controls, identify any necessary updates to the exposure controls, and confirm that all persons are properly implementing the exposure controls; and

(F) An explanation of the procedures for responding to any change that may reasonably be expected to introduce additional sources of exposure to PCE, or otherwise result in increased exposure to PCE, including procedures for implementing corrective actions to mitigate exposure to PCE.

(ii) Exposure control plan requirements. (A) The owner or operator must not implement a schedule of personnel rotation as a means of compliance with the ECEL.

(B) The owner or operator must maintain the effectiveness of any controls instituted under this paragraph (d).

(C) The exposure control plan must be reviewed and updated as necessary, but at least every 5 years, to reflect any significant changes in the status of the owner or operator's approach to compliance with paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section.

(iii) Availability of exposure control plan. (A) Owners or operators must make the exposure control plan and associated records, including ECEL exposure monitoring records, ECEL compliance records, DDCC compliance records, and workplace participation records described in § 751.615(b), available to potentially exposed persons and their designated representatives.

(B) Owners or operators must notify potentially exposed persons and their designated representatives of the availability of the exposure control plan and associated records within 30 days of the date that the exposure control plan is completed and at least annually thereafter.

(C) Notice of the availability of the exposure control plan and associated records must be provided in plain language writing to each potentially exposed person in a language that the person understands or posted in an appropriate and accessible location outside the regulated area with an English-language version and a non-English language version representing the language of the largest group of workers who do not read English.

(D) Upon request by the potentially exposed person or their designated representative(s), the owner or operator must provide the specified records at a reasonable time, place, and manner. If the owner or operator is unable to provide the requested records within 15 working days, the owner or operator must, within those 15 working days, inform the potentially exposed person or designated representative(s) requesting the record(s) of the reason for the delay and the earliest date when the record will be made available.

(e) Workplace information and training. (1) By March 13, 2026, the owner or operator must institute a training program and ensure that persons potentially exposed to PCE participate in the program according to the requirements of this paragraph (e).

(2) The owner or operator must ensure that each potentially exposed person is trained prior to or at the time of a potential exposure to PCE.

(3) The owner or operator must ensure that information and training is presented in a manner that is understandable to each person required to be trained.

(4) The following information and training must be provided to all persons potentially exposed to PCE:

(i) The requirements of this section, as well as how to access or obtain a copy of these requirements in the workplace;

(ii) The quantity, location, manner of use, release, and storage of PCE and the specific operations in the workplace that could result in exposure to PCE, particularly noting where each regulated area is located;

(iii) Methods and observations that may be used to detect the presence or release of PCE in the workplace (such as monitoring conducted by the owner or operator, continuous monitoring devices, visual appearance or odor of PCE when being released);

(iv) The acute and chronic health hazards of PCE as detailed on relevant Safety Data Sheets; and

(v) The principles of safe use and handling of PCE and measures potentially exposed persons can take to protect themselves from PCE, including specific procedures the owner or operator has implemented to protect potentially exposed persons from exposure to PCE, such as appropriate work practices, emergency procedures, and personal protective equipment to be used.

(5) The owner or operator must re-train each potentially exposed person annually to ensure that each such person maintains the requisite understanding of the principles of safe use and handling of PCE in the workplace.

(6) Whenever there are workplace changes, such as modifications of tasks or procedures or the institution of new tasks or procedures, that increase exposure, and where such exposure exceeds or can reasonably be expected to exceed the ECEL action level or increase potential for direct dermal contact, the owner or operator must update the training and ensure that each potentially exposed person is re-trained.

(f) Personal protective equipment (PPE)—(1) Protection. The provisions of paragraph (f) apply to any owner or operator that is required to provide respiratory protection pursuant to paragraphs (b)(4)(iv) or (d)(1)(i)(B) of this section or § 751.611(b), or dermal protection pursuant to paragraphs (c) or (d)(1)(ii)(B) of this section, § 751.609(b)(2), or § 751.611(b).

(2) Respiratory protection. (i) By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, by March 13, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within three months after receipt of any exposure monitoring that indicates exposures exceeding the ECEL, if an owner or operator is required to provide respiratory protection pursuant to paragraph (f)(1) of this section, the owner or operator must ensure that each potentially exposed person is provided with a respirator according to the requirements of this section.

(ii) For purposes of this paragraph (f)(2), cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 applying to an “employee” apply equally to potentially exposed persons and cross-referenced provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators. Other terms in cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 that are defined in 29 CFR 1910.134(b) have the meaning assigned to them in that paragraph.

(iii) By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by March 13, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within three months after receipt of any exposure monitoring that indicates exposures exceeding the ECEL, if an owner or operator is required to provide respiratory protection pursuant to paragraph (f)(1) of this section, the owner or operator must develop and administer a written respiratory protection program consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(c)(1), (c)(3) and (c)(4).

(iv) Owners and operators must select respiratory protection required by paragraph (f)(2)(i) of this section based on a medical evaluation consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(e). If a potentially exposed person cannot use a negative-pressure respirator that would otherwise be required by paragraph (f)(1) of this section, then the owner or operator must provide that person with an alternative respirator. The alternative respirator must have less breathing resistance than the negative-pressure respirator and provide equivalent or greater protection. If the person is unable to use an alternative respirator, then the person must not be permitted to enter the regulated area.

(v) Owners and operators must select respiratory protection that properly fits each affected person and communicate respirator selections to each affected person consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(f), 1910.134 app A.

(vi) Owners and operators must provide, ensure use of, and maintain (in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition) respiratory protection that is of safe design and construction for the applicable condition of use consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(g) through (j),1910.134 app. B-1 to B-2.

(vii) Prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving potential exposure to PCE, owners and operators must provide training to all persons required to use respiratory protection consistent with 29 CFR 1910.134(k), 1910.134 app. D.

(viii) Owners and operators must retrain all persons required to use PPE at least annually, or whenever the owner or operator has reason to believe that a previously trained person does not have the required understanding and skill to properly use PPE, or when changes in the workplace or in PPE to be used render the previous training obsolete.

(ix) Owners or operators must select and provide to persons appropriate respirators as indicated by the most recent monitoring results as follows:

(A) If the measured exposure concentration is at or below 0.14 ppm: no respiratory protection is required.

(B) If the measured exposure concentration is above 0.14 ppm and less than or equal to 1.4 ppm (10 times ECEL): Any National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Approved® air-purifying half mask respirator equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; or any NIOSH Approved® Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or Airline Respirator operated in demand mode equipped with a half mask; or any NIOSH Approved® Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) in a demand mode equipped with a half mask [APF 10].

(C) If the measured exposure concentration is above 1.4 ppm and less than or equal to 3.5 ppm (25 times ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved® Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR) equipped with a loose-fitting facepiece or hood/helmet equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; or any NIOSH Approved® SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with a loose-fitting facepiece or helmet/hood [APF 25].

(D) If the measured exposure concentration is above 3.5 ppm and less than or equal to 7.0 ppm (50 times ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved® air-purifying full facepiece respirator equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved® PAPR with a half mask equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved® SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous flow mode equipped with a half mask; any NIOSH Approved® SAR or Airline Respirator operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode with a half mask; or any NIOSH Approved® SCBA in demand-mode equipped with a full facepiece or helmet/hood [APF 50].

(E) If the measured exposure concentration is above 7.0 ppm and less than or equal to 140 ppm (1,000 times ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved® PAPR equipped with a full facepiece equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved® SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with full facepiece; any NIOSH Approved® SAR or Airline Respirator in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode equipped with a full facepiece and an auxiliary self-contained air supply; or any NIOSH Approved® SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with a helmet or hood and that has been tested to demonstrated performance at a level of a protection of APF 1,000 or greater [APF 1000].

(F) If the measured exposure concentration is greater than 140 ppm (1,000+ times ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved® Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode equipped with a full facepiece or helmet/hood [APF 10,000].

(G) If the exposure concentration is unknown: Any NIOSH Approved® combination supplied air respirator equipped with a full facepiece and operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode with an auxiliary self-contained air supply; or any NIOSH Approved® SCBA operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode and equipped with a full facepiece or hood/helmet [APF 1000+].

(x) Owners and operators must select and provide respirators as required in paragraph (f)(2) of this section consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(d)(1)(iv), and with consideration of workplace and user factors that affect respirator performance and reliability.

(xi) Owners and operators who select air-purifying respirators must either:

(A) Select respirators that have an end-of-service-life indicator (ESLI) that is NIOSH Approved® for PCE; or

(B) Implement a change schedule for canisters and cartridges based on objective information or data that ensures that canisters and cartridges are changed before the end of their service life. The written respiratory protection program required by paragraph (f)(2)(iii) of this section must include a description of the information and data relied upon, the basis for reliance on the information and data, and the basis for the canister and cartridge change schedule.

(xii) Owners and operators must ensure that respirators are used in compliance with the terms of the respirator's NIOSH certification.

(xiii) Owners and operators must conduct regular evaluations of the workplace, including consultations with potentially exposed persons using respiratory protection, consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(l), to ensure that the provisions of the written respiratory protection program required under paragraph (f)(2)(iii) of this section are being effectively implemented.

(xiv) The respiratory protection requirements in this paragraph (f)(2) represent the minimum respiratory protection requirements, such that any respirator affording a higher degree of protection than the required respirator may be used.

(3) Dermal protection. (i) By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by March 13, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, if an owner or operator is required to provide dermal protection pursuant to paragraph (f)(1) of this section, the owner or operators must ensure that each potentially exposed person is provided with dermal PPE according to the requirements of this section.

(ii) Owners or operators must supply and require the donning of dermal PPE that separates and provides a barrier to prevent direct dermal contact with PCE in the specific work area where it is selected for use, selected in accordance with this paragraph (f)(3) and provided in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132(h), to each person who is reasonably likely to be dermally exposed in the work area through direct dermal contact with PCE. For the purposes of this paragraph (f)(3)(ii), provisions in 29 CFR 1910.132(h) applying to an “employee” also apply equally to potentially exposed persons, and provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(iii) Owners or operators must select and provide dermal PPE in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.133(b) and additionally as specified in this paragraph (f)(3) to each person who is reasonably likely to be dermally exposed in the work area through direct dermal contact with PCE. For the purposes of this paragraph (f)(3)(iii), provisions in 29 CFR 1910.133(b) applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(iv) Owners or operators must select and provide to persons appropriate dermal PPE based on an evaluation of the performance characteristics of the PPE relative to the task(s) to be performed, conditions present, and the duration of use. Replacement PPE must be provided immediately if any person is dermally exposed to PCE longer than the breakthrough time period for which testing has demonstrated that the PPE will be impermeable or if there is a chemical permeation or breakage of the PPE. Dermal PPE must include, but is not limited to, the following items:

(A) Impervious gloves selected based on specifications from the manufacturer or supplier or by individually prepared third-party testing.

(B) Impervious clothing covering the exposed areas of the body (e.g., long pants, long sleeved shirt).

(v) Owners or operators must demonstrate that each item of gloves and other clothing selected provides an impervious barrier to prevent direct dermal contact with PCE during normal and expected duration and conditions of exposure within the work area by evaluating the specifications from the manufacturer or supplier or individually prepared third-party testing of the dermal PPE or of the material used in construction of the dermal PPE, to establish that the dermal PPE will be impervious to PCE alone and in likely combination with other chemical substances in the work area.

(vi) Dermal PPE that is of safe design and construction for the work to be performed must be provided, used, and maintained in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition. Owners and operators must select PPE that properly fits each affected person and communicate PPE selections to each affected person.

(vii) Owners or operators must provide training in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132(f) to all persons required to use dermal protection prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving exposure to PCE. For the purposes of this paragraph (f)(3)(vii), provisions in 29 CFR 1910.132(f) applying to an “employee” also apply equally to potentially exposed persons, and provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(viii) Owners and operators must retrain each person required to use dermal protection at least annually or whenever the owner or operator has reason to believe that a previously trained person does not have the required understanding and skill to properly use dermal protection, or when changes in the workplace or in dermal protection to be used render the previous training obsolete.

§ 751.609 — Workplace requirements for laboratory use.

(a) Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to the industrial and commercial use of PCE as a laboratory chemical.

(b) Laboratory use requirements. (1) After December 15, 2025, owners or operators must ensure laboratory ventilation devices such as fume hoods or glove boxes are in use and functioning properly and that specific measures are taken to ensure proper and adequate performance of such equipment to minimize exposures to potentially exposed persons in the area when PCE is used in a laboratory setting.

(2) After December 15, 2025, owners or operators must ensure that all persons reasonably likely to be exposed from direct dermal contact to PCE in a laboratory setting are provided with dermal personal protective equipment and training on proper use of PPE in a manner consistent with § 751.607(f)(3), except that the date listed in paragraph (f)(3)(i) does not apply.

§ 751.611 — Workplace requirements for energized electrical cleaner.

(a) Applicability. The provisions of this section apply as indicated in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section to:

(1) All manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of PCE for industrial and commercial use as energized electrical cleaner, and

(2) Industrial and commercial use of PCE as energized electrical cleaner.

(b) Energized electrical cleaner requirements. The provisions of this paragraph (b) apply to any workplace engaged in the condition of use listed in paragraph (a)(2).

(1) PPE. (i) The provisions of this paragraph (b)(1) apply after March 13, 2026.

(ii) Owners or operators must ensure that all potentially exposed persons using PCE, including any PCE containing products, are provided with dermal PPE and training on proper use of PPE in accordance with § 751.607(f)(3).

(iii) If any of the criteria in paragraphs (b)(1)(iii)(A) or (B) are met, then owners or operators must ensure that all persons using PCE, including any PCE containing products, are provided with respiratory PPE and training on proper use of PPE in accordance with § 751.607(f)(2), except that instead of selecting appropriate respirators based on monitoring results pursuant to paragraph (f)(2)(ix), owners or operators must select from and provide the following types of respirators: any NIOSH Approved® air-purifying full facepiece respirator equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved® PAPR with a half mask equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved® SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous flow mode equipped with a half mask; any NIOSH Approved® SAR or Airline Respirator operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode with a half mask; any NIOSH Approved® SCBA in demand-mode equipped with a full facepiece or helmet/hood [APF 50]; or any respirator affording a higher degree of protection.

(A) The potentially exposed person is in a confined space, as defined in 29 CFR 1910.146(b), or in an enclosed space, as described in 29 CFR 1910.269(e); or

(B) The potentially exposed person approaches the exposed energized equipment closer than the employer's established minimum approach distance required under 29 CFR 1910.269(l)(3) or when there is no established minimum approach distance.

(2) Alternative to PPE requirements. (i) As an alternative to the requirements in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the owner or operator may choose to follow the WCPP provisions in § 751.607.

(ii) Owners or operators who choose to follow the WCPP as an alternative to the requirements in paragraph (b)(1) of this section must:

(A) Document and maintain a statement that they are electing to comply with the WCPP.

(B) Comply with the WCPP provisions in § 751.607 and document compliance in accordance with § 751.615(b).

(c) Label. After March 13, 2026, all manufacturers (including importers), processors and distributors in commerce of PCE or PCE-containing products for industrial and commercial use as energized electrical cleaner must provide a label securely attached to each product. Label information must be prominently displayed and in an easily readable font size, with the sentences:

(d) Self-certification. After March 13, 2026, the owner or operator of the business entity purchasing and using PCE, including any PCE containing products, for the industrial and commercial use as energized electrical cleaner must self-certify that use is in compliance with requirements of paragraph (b) of this section with the following written statement.

(1) The self-certification must include the following written statement:

(2) The self-certification must also include the following:

(i) Printed name and signature, job classification, title, email address, and phone number of the owner or operator who is self-certifying.

(ii) Date of self-certification.

(iii) Name and address of the business entity.

(iv) Indication of whether this is the business entity's first purchase of PCE, including PCE containing products, after publication of the final rule.

(3) Owners or operators or persons specifically authorized by the owner or operator to purchase energized electrical cleaner must provide a copy of the self-certification statement for each business entity to the distributor from whom PCE, including PCE containing products, is being purchased, for every purchase.

(4) Distributors of PCE, including PCE containing products, must review the self-certification statement to ensure it is appropriately completed to include the owner or operator's and the business entity's information required by this section.

(5) Distributors of PCE, including PCE containing products, must have a complete and valid self-certification statement in accordance with this section for each sale of PCE, including PCE containing products, for use in energized electrical cleaning.

§ 751.613 — Downstream notification.

(a) Beginning on February 18, 2025, each person who manufactures (including imports) PCE for any use must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify companies to whom PCE is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in this subpart in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.

(b) Beginning on June 16, 2025, each person who processes or distributes in commerce PCE or any PCE-containing products for any use must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify companies to whom PCE is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in this Subpart in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.

(c) The notification required under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section must occur by inserting the following text in Section 1(c) and 15 of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided with the PCE or with any PCE-containing product:

§ 751.615 — Recordkeeping requirements.

(a) General records. After February 18, 2025, all persons who manufacture (including import), process, distribute in commerce, or engage in industrial or commercial use of PCE or PCE-containing products must maintain ordinary business records, such as downstream notifications, invoices and bills-of-lading related to compliance with the prohibitions, restrictions, and other provisions of this subpart G.

(b) WCPP compliance—(1) ECEL exposure monitoring. For each monitoring event, owners or operators subject to the ECEL described in § 751.607(b) must document and retain records of the following:

(i) Dates, duration, and results of each sample taken;

(ii) The quantity, location(s) and manner of PCE use at the time of each monitoring event;

(iii) All measurements that may be necessary to determine the conditions that may affect the monitoring results;

(iv) Name, workplace address, work shift, job classification, work area, and type of respiratory protection (if any) by each monitored person;

(v) Identification of all potentially exposed persons that a monitored person is intended to represent if using a representative sample, consistent with § 751.607(b)(3)(i)(A) and (B);

(vi) Sampling and analytical methods used as described in § 751.607(b)(3)(i)(D);

(vii) Compliance with the GLP Standards in 40 CFR part 792, or use of a laboratory accredited by the AIHA or another industry-recognized program, as required by § 751.607(b)(3)(i)(C); and

(viii) Information regarding air monitoring equipment, including: Type, maintenance, calibrations, performance tests, limits of detection, and any malfunctions;

(ix) Re-monitoring determinations conducted by an Environmental Professional as defined at 40 CFR 312.10 or a Certified Industrial Hygienist, if results indicated non-detect; and

(x) Notification of exposure monitoring results in accordance with § 751.607(b)(3)(v).

(2) ECEL compliance. Owners or operators subject to the ECEL described in § 751.607(b) must retain records of:

(i) Exposure control plan as described in § 751.607(d)(2);

(ii) Implementation of the exposure control plan as described in § 751.607(d)(2), including:

(A) Any regular inspections, evaluations, and updating of the exposure controls to maintain effectiveness;

(B) Confirmation that all persons are implementing the exposure controls; and

(C) Each occurrence and duration of any start-up, shutdown, or malfunction of the facility that causes an exceedance of the ECEL and any subsequent corrective actions taken by the owner or operator during the start-up, shutdown, or malfunctions to mitigate exposures to PCE.

(iii) Respiratory protection used by each potentially exposed person and PPE program implementation as described in § 751.607(f)(2) including:

(A) The name, workplace address, work shift, job classification, work area of each potentially exposed person, and the type of respiratory protection provided to each potentially exposed person;

(B) The basis for the specific respiratory protection selection in accordance with § 751.607(f)(2); and

(C) Fit testing and training in accordance with § 751.607(f)(2).

(iv) Information and training provided as required in § 751.607(e).

(3) DDCC compliance. Owners or operators subject to DDCC requirements described in § 751.607(c) must retain records of:

(i) Exposure control plan as described in § 751.607(d)(2);

(ii) Dermal protection used by each potentially exposed person and PPE program implementation as described in § 751.607(f)(3), including:

(A) The name, workplace address, work shift, job classification, and work area of each person reasonably likely to directly handle PCE or handle equipment or materials on which PCE may be present and the type of PPE selected to be worn by each of these persons;

(B) The basis for specific PPE selection (e.g., demonstration based on permeation testing or manufacturer specifications that each item of PPE selected provides an impervious barrier to prevent exposure during expected duration and conditions of exposure, including the likely combinations of chemical substances to which the PPE may be exposed in the work area);

(C) Appropriately sized PPE and training on proper application, wear, and removal of PPE, and proper care/disposal of PPE;

(D) Occurrence and duration of any direct dermal contact with PCE that occurs during any activity or malfunction at the workplace that causes direct dermal exposures to occur and/or glove breakthrough, and corrective actions to be taken during and immediately following that activity or malfunction to prevent direct dermal contact to PCE; and

(E) Training in accordance with § 751.607(f)(3).

(iii) Information and training provided as required in § 751.607(e).

(4) Workplace participation. Owners or operators must document the notice to and ability of any potentially exposed person that may reasonably be affected by PCE inhalation exposure or direct dermal contact and their designated representatives to readily access the exposure control plans, facility exposure monitoring records, PPE program implementation records, or any other information relevant to PCE exposure in the workplace.

(c) Workplace requirements for laboratory use compliance. Owners and operators subject to the laboratory chemical requirements described in § 751.609 must retain records of:

(1) Dermal protection used by each potentially exposed person and PPE program implementation, as described in § 751.615(b)(3)(ii);

(2) Documentation identifying: Criteria that the owner or operator will use to determine and implement control measures to reduce potentially exposed persons' exposure to PCE including laboratory ventilation devices;

(3) Documentation identifying: Implementation of properly functioning laboratory ventilation devices using manufacturer's instructions for installation, use, and maintenance of the devices including inspections, tests, development of maintenance procedures, the establishment of criteria for acceptable test results, and documentation of test and inspection results; and

(d) Workplace requirements for energized electrical cleaner. (1) Owners and operators subject to the energized electrical cleaner requirements described in § 751.611 must retain records of:

(i) Statement regarding whether the owner or operator is complying with the prescriptive PPE requirements described in § 751.611(b)(1) or with the WCPP described in § 751.611(b)(2).

(ii) Dermal and respiratory protection used by each potentially exposed person and program implementation as described in § 751.611(b)(1) or WCPP records described in § 751.615(b).

(iii) Labels used as described in § 751.611(c).

(iv) Self-certification statements provided as described in § 751.611(d)(1)-(3).

(2) Distributors of PCE, including PCE containing products, for use in energized electrical cleaning must retain sale records, including:

(i) Name of purchaser;

(ii) Date of sale;

(iii) Quantity of PCE or PCE containing products sold;

(iv) Self-certification statement for each purchase of PCE; and

(v) Copies of labels required in § 751.611(c).

(e) Records related to exemptions. To maintain eligibility for an exemption described in § 751.617, the records maintained by the owners or operators must demonstrate compliance with the specific conditions of the exemption.

(f) Retention. Owners or operators must retain the records required under this section for a period of 5 years from the date that such records were generated.

§ 751.617 — Exemptions.

(a) General applicability. (1) Time-limited exemptions described in this section are established in accordance with 15 U.S.C. 2605(g)(1).

(2) To be eligible for the exemptions established in this section, regulated parties must comply with all conditions promulgated in this section for such exemptions in accordance with 15 U.S.C. 2605(g)(4).

(b) Time-limited exemption for emergency use by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Under 15 U.S.C. 2605(g)(1)(A), use of PCE or PCE containing products for the conditions of use identified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section in an emergency by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and its contractors operating within the scope of their contracted work is exempt from the requirements of § 751.605 until December 19, 2034.

(1) Applicability. This exemption shall apply to the following specific conditions of use:

(i) Industrial and commercial use as solvent for cold cleaning; and

(ii) Industrial and commercial use in wipe cleaning.

(2) Emergency use. (i) An emergency is a serious and sudden situation requiring immediate action, within 15 days or less, necessary to protect:

(A) Safety of NASA's or their contractors' personnel;

(B) NASA's missions;

(C) Human health, safety, or property, including that of adjacent communities; or

(D) The environment.

(ii) Each emergency is a separate situation; if use of PCE exceeds 15 days, then justification must be documented.

(3) Eligibility. To be eligible for the exemption, NASA and its contractors must:

(i) Select PCE because there are no technically and economically feasible safer alternatives available during the emergency.

(ii) Perform the emergency use of PCE at locations controlled by NASA or its contractors.

(iii) Comply with the following conditions:

(A) Within 15 working days of the emergency use by NASA or its contractors, NASA and its contractors must provide notice to the EPA Assistant Administrators of both the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance and the Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention that includes the following:

(1) Identification of the conditions of use detailed in paragraph (b)(1) of this section that the emergency use fell under;

(2) An explanation for why the emergency use met the definition of emergency in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section; and

(3) An explanation of why PCE was selected, including why there were no technically and economically feasible safer alternatives available in the particular emergency.

(iv) The owner or operator must comply with and document such compliance efforts under the WCPP provisions in § 751.607, to the extent technically feasible in light of the particular emergency.

(v) The owner or operator of the location where the use takes place must comply with the recordkeeping requirements in § 751.615.

§ 751.701 — General.

(a) Applicability. This subpart sets certain restrictions on the manufacture (including import), processing, distribution in commerce, use, or disposal of carbon tetrachloride (CASRN 56-23-5) to prevent unreasonable risk of injury to health in accordance with TSCA section 6(a).

(b) Trace quantities exclusion. Unless otherwise specified in this subpart, the prohibitions and restrictions of this subpart do not apply to carbon tetrachloride that is solely present unintentionally in trace quantities with another chemical substance or mixture.

(c) Owner and operator requirements. Any requirement for an owner or operator, or an owner and operator, is a requirement for any individual that is either an owner or an operator.

§ 751.703 — Definitions.

The definitions in subpart A of this part apply to this Subpart unless otherwise specified in this section. In addition, the following definitions apply:

ECEL has the same meaning as in § 751.5 and for CTC, is an airborne concentration of carbon tetrachloride of 0.03 parts per million (ppm) calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA).

ECEL action level means a concentration of airborne carbon tetrachloride of 0.02 parts per million (ppm) calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA).

§ 751.705 — Prohibition of Certain Industrial and Commercial Uses and Manufacturing, Processing, and Distribution in Commerce of Carbon Tetrachloride for those Uses.

(a) Prohibitions. (1) After June 16, 2025, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing, processing, distributing in commerce (including making available) and using carbon tetrachloride for the following conditions of use:

(i) Processing condition of use: Incorporation into formulation, mixture or reaction products in petrochemical-derived manufacturing except in the manufacture of vinyl chloride.

(ii) Industrial and commercial conditions of use:

(A) Industrial and commercial use as an industrial processing aid in the manufacture of petrochemicals-derived products except in the manufacture of vinyl chloride.

(B) Industrial and commercial use in the manufacture of other basic chemicals (including manufacturing of chlorinated compounds used in solvents, adhesives, asphalt, and paints and coatings), except for use in the elimination of nitrogen trichloride in the production of chlorine and caustic soda and the recovery of chlorine in tail gas from the production of chlorine.

(C) Industrial and commercial use in metal recovery.

(D) Industrial and commercial use as an additive.

(2) After December 18, 2025, all persons are prohibited from manufacturing, processing, distributing in commerce (including making available) and using carbon tetrachloride for industrial and commercial specialty uses by the U.S. Department of Defense except as provided in § 751.709.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 751.707 — Workplace Chemical Protection Program (WCPP).

(a) Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to the following conditions of use of carbon tetrachloride, including manufacturing and processing for export, except to the extent the conditions of use are prohibited by § 751.705:

(1) Domestic manufacture, except where carbon tetrachloride is manufactured solely as a byproduct.

(2) Import.

(3) Processing as a reactant in the production of hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroolefins and perchloroethylene.

(4) Processing: Incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction products for agricultural products manufacturing, vinyl chloride manufacturing, and other basic organic and inorganic chemical manufacturing.

(5) Processing: Repackaging for use as a laboratory chemical.

(6) Processing: Recycling.

(7) Industrial and commercial use as an industrial processing aid in the manufacture of agricultural products and vinyl chloride.

(8) Industrial and commercial use in the elimination of nitrogen trichloride in the production of chlorine and caustic soda and the recovery of chlorine in tail gas from the production of chlorine.

(9) Disposal.

(b) Existing chemical exposure limit (ECEL)—(1) Eight-hour time-weighted average (TWA) ECEL. Beginning September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies or Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 9, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, or beginning four months after introduction of carbon tetrachloride into the workplace if carbon tetrachloride commences after June 11, 2026, the owner or operator must ensure that no person is exposed to an airborne concentration of carbon tetrachloride in excess of the ECEL, consistent with the requirements of paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section and, if necessary, paragraph (f) of this section.

(2) Exposure monitoring—(i) General. (A) Owners or operators must determine each potentially exposed person's exposure, without regard to respiratory protection, by either:

(1) Taking a personal breathing zone air sample of each potentially exposed person's exposure; or

(2) Taking personal breathing zone air samples that are representative of the 8-hour TWA of each exposure group.

(B) Personal breathing zone air samples are representative of the 8-hour TWA of all potentially exposed persons in an exposure group if the samples are of at least one person's full-shift exposure who represents the highest potential carbon tetrachloride exposures in that exposure group. Personal breathing zone air samples taken during one work shift may be used to represent potentially exposed person exposures on other work shifts where the owner or operator can document that the tasks performed and conditions in the workplace are similar across shifts.

(C) Exposure samples must be analyzed using an appropriate analytical method by a laboratory that complies with the Good Laboratory Practice Standards in 40 CFR part 792 or a laboratory accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) or another industry-recognized program.

(D) Owners or operators must ensure that methods used to perform exposure monitoring produce results that are accurate, to a confidence level of 95 percent, to within plus or minus 25 percent for airborne concentrations of carbon tetrachloride.

(E) Owners and operators must re-monitor within 15 working days after receipt of any exposure monitoring when results indicate non-detect, unless an Environmental Professional as defined at 40 CFR 312.10 or a Certified Industrial Hygienist reviews the exposure monitoring results and determines re-monitoring is not necessary.

(ii) Initial monitoring. By June 21, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by June 11, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within 30 days of introduction of carbon tetrachloride into the workplace, whichever is later, each owner or operator covered by this section must perform initial monitoring of potentially exposed persons. Where the owner or operator has monitoring results from monitoring conducted within five years prior to February 18, 2025 and the monitoring satisfies all other requirements of this section, the owner or operator may rely on such earlier monitoring results to satisfy the requirements of this paragraph (b)(2)(ii).

(iii) Periodic monitoring. The owner or operator must establish an exposure monitoring program for periodic monitoring of exposure to carbon tetrachloride in accordance with Table 1.

(iv) Additional exposure monitoring. (A) The owner or operator must conduct additional exposure monitoring within a reasonable timeframe whenever there has been a change in the production, process, control equipment, personnel or work practices that may reasonably be expected to result in new or additional exposures above the ECEL or when the owner or operator has any reason to believe that new or additional exposures above the ECEL action level have occurred.

(B) Whenever start-ups or shutdowns, or ruptures, malfunctions or other breakdowns or unexpected releases occur that may lead to exposure to potentially exposed persons, the owner or operator must conduct the additional exposure monitoring within a reasonable timeframe after the conclusion of the start-up or shutdown and/or the cleanup, repair or remedial action of the malfunction or other breakdown or unexpected release. Prior monitoring data cannot be used to meet this requirement.

(v) Observation of monitoring. (A) Owners and operators must provide potentially exposed persons or their designated representatives an opportunity to observe any monitoring of occupational exposure to CTC that is conducted under this section and designed to characterize their exposure.

(B) When monitoring observation requires entry into a regulated area, the owner or operator must provide the observers with the required PPE.

(C) Only persons who are authorized to have access to facilities classified in the interest of national security must be permitted to observe exposure monitoring conducted in such facilities.

(vi) Notification of monitoring results. (A) The owner or operator must inform each person whose exposures are monitored or who is part of a monitored exposure group and their designated representatives of any monitoring results within 15 working days of receipt of those monitoring results.

(B) This notification must include the following:

(1) Exposure monitoring results;

(2) Identification and explanation of the ECEL and ECEL action level;

(3) Statement of whether the monitored airborne concentration of carbon tetrachloride exceeds the ECEL action level or ECEL;

(4) If the ECEL is exceeded, descriptions of any exposure controls implemented by the owner or operator to reduce exposures to or below the ECEL, as required by paragraph (d)(1) of this section;

(5) Explanation of any required respiratory protection provided in accordance with paragraphs (b)(3)(iv), (d)(1)(i), and (f) of this section;

(6) Quantity of carbon tetrachloride in use at the time of monitoring;

(7) Location of carbon tetrachloride use at the time of monitoring;

(8) Manner of carbon tetrachloride use at the time of monitoring; and

(9) Identified releases of carbon tetrachloride;

(C) Notice must be written in plain language and either provided to each potentially exposed person and their designated representatives individually in a language that the person understands, or posted in an appropriate and accessible location outside the regulated area with an English-language version and a non-English language version representing the language of the largest group of workers who do not read English.

(3) Regulated areas—(i) Establishment. By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 9, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within three months after receipt of any exposure monitoring that indicates exposures exceeding the ECEL, the owner or operator must establish and maintain a regulated area wherever airborne concentrations of carbon tetrachloride exceeds or can reasonably be expected to exceed the ECEL.

(ii) Access. The owner or operator must limit access to regulated areas to authorized persons.

(iii) Demarcation. The owner or operator must demarcate regulated areas from the rest of the workplace in a manner that adequately establishes and alerts persons to the boundaries of the area and minimizes the number of authorized persons exposed to carbon tetrachloride within the regulated area.

(iv) Provisions of respirators. (A) The owner or operator must ensure that each person who enters a regulated area is supplied with a respirator selected in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section and must ensure that all persons within the regulated area are using the provided respirators whenever carbon tetrachloride exposures may exceed the ECEL.

(B) An owner or operator who has implemented all feasible controls as required in paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section, and who has established a regulated area as required by paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section where carbon tetrachloride exposure can be reliably predicted to exceed the ECEL only on certain days (for example, because of work or process schedule) must have persons use respirators in that regulated area on those days.

(v) Prohibited activities. (A) The owner or operator must ensure that, within a regulated area, persons do not engage in non-work activities which may increase CTC exposure.

(B) The owner or operator must ensure that while persons are wearing respirators in the regulated area, they do not engage in activities which interfere with respirator performance.

(c) Direct dermal contact controls (DDCC). Beginning September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies or Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by June 16, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within 30 days of introduction of carbon tetrachloride into the workplace, whichever is later, owners or operators must ensure that all persons are separated, distanced, physically removed, or isolated to prevent direct dermal contact with carbon tetrachloride or from contact with equipment or materials on which carbon tetrachloride may exist consistent with the requirements of paragraph (d)(1)(ii) of this section and, if necessary, paragraph (f) of this section.

(d) Exposure control procedures and plan—(1) Methods of compliance—(i) ECEL. (A) By December 3, 2027, the owner or operator must institute one or a combination of elimination, substitution, engineering controls, or administrative controls to reduce exposure to or below the ECEL except to the extent that the owner or operator can demonstrate that such controls are not feasible, in accordance with the hierarchy of controls.

(B) If the feasible controls required under paragraph (d)(1)(i)(A) of this section that can be instituted do not reduce exposures for potentially exposed persons to or below the ECEL, then the owner or operator must use such controls to reduce exposure to the lowest levels achievable by these controls and must supplement those controls with the use of respiratory protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section.

(C) Where an owner or operator cannot demonstrate exposure to carbon tetrachloride has been reduced to or below the ECEL through the use of controls required under paragraphs (d)(1)(i)(A) and (B) of this section, and has not demonstrated that it has appropriately supplemented with respiratory protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section, this will constitute a failure to comply with the ECEL.

(D) The owner or operator must ensure that any engineering controls instituted under paragraph (d)(1)(i)(A) of this section do not increase emissions of carbon tetrachloride to ambient air outside the workplace.

(ii) Direct dermal contact controls (DDCC). (A) The owner or operator must institute one or a combination of elimination, substitution, engineering controls, or administrative controls to prevent all persons from direct dermal contact with carbon tetrachloride except to the extent that the owner or operator can demonstrate that such controls are not feasible.

(B) If the feasible controls required under paragraph (d)(1)(ii)(A) of this section that can be instituted do not prevent direct dermal contact with carbon tetrachloride, then the owner or operator must use such controls to reduce direct dermal contact to the extent achievable by these controls and must supplement those controls by the use of dermal protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section.

(C) Where an owner or operator cannot demonstrate that direct dermal contact to carbon tetrachloride is prevented through the use of controls required under paragraphs (d)(1)(ii)(A) and (B) of this section, and has not demonstrated that it has appropriately supplemented with dermal protection that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section, this will constitute a failure to comply with the DDCC requirements.

(2) Exposure control plan. By December 3, 2027, each owner and operator must establish and implement an exposure control plan.

(i) Exposure control plan contents. The exposure control plan must include documentation of the following:

(A) Identification of exposure controls that were considered, including those that were used or not used to meet the requirements of paragraphs (d)(1)(i)(A) and (d)(1)(ii)(A) of this section, in the following sequence: elimination, substitution, engineering controls and administrative controls;

(B) For each exposure control considered, a rationale for why the exposure control was selected or not selected based on feasibility, effectiveness, and other relevant considerations;

(C) A description of actions the owner or operator must take to implement exposure controls selected, including proper installation, regular inspections, maintenance, training or other actions;

(D) A description of regulated areas, how they are demarcated, and persons authorized to enter the regulated areas;

(E) Attestation that exposure controls selected do not increase emissions of carbon tetrachloride to ambient air outside of the workplace and whether additional equipment was installed to capture or otherwise prevent increased emissions of carbon tetrachloride to ambient air;

(F) Description of activities conducted by the owner or operator to review and update the exposure control plan to ensure effectiveness of the exposure controls, identify any necessary updates to the exposure controls, and confirm that all persons are properly implementing the exposure controls;

(G) An explanation of the procedures for responding to any change that may reasonably be expected to introduce additional sources of exposure to carbon tetrachloride, or otherwise result in increased exposure to carbon tetrachloride, including procedures for implementing corrective actions to mitigate exposure to carbon tetrachloride.

(ii) Exposure control plan requirements. (A) The owner or operator must not implement a schedule of personnel rotation as a means of compliance with the ECEL.

(B) The owner or operator must maintain the effectiveness of any controls instituted under this paragraph (d).

(C) The exposure control plan must be reviewed and updated as necessary, but at least every five years, to reflect any significant changes in the status of the owner or operator's approach to compliance with paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section.

(iii) Availability of exposure control plan. (A) Owners or operators must make the exposure control plan and associated records, including ECEL exposure monitoring records, ECEL compliance records, DDCC compliance records, and workplace participation records described in § 751.713(b), available to potentially exposed persons and their designated representatives.

(B) Owners or operators must notify potentially exposed persons and their designated representatives of the availability of the exposure control plan and associated records within 30 days of the date that the exposure control plan is completed and at least annually thereafter.

(C) Notice of the availability of the exposure control plan and associated records must be provided in plain language writing to each potentially exposed person in a language that the person understands or posted in an appropriate and accessible location outside the regulated area with an English-language version and a non-English language version representing the language of the largest group of workers who do not read English.

(D) Upon request by the potentially exposed person or their designated representative(s), the owner or operator must provide the specified records at a reasonable time, place, and manner. If the owner or operator is unable to provide the requested records within 15 days, the owner or operator must, within those 15 days, inform the potentially exposed person or designated representative(s) requesting the record(s) of the reason for the delay and the earliest date when the record will be made available.

(e) Workplace information and training. (1) By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 9, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, the owner or operator must institute a training program and ensure that persons potentially exposed to carbon tetrachloride participate in the program according to the requirements of this paragraph (e).

(2) The owner or operator must ensure that each potentially exposed person is trained prior to or at the time of a potential exposure to carbon tetrachloride.

(3) The owner or operator must ensure that information and training is presented in a manner that is understandable to each person required to be trained and in multiple languages as appropriate, such as, based on languages spoken by potentially exposed persons in the workplace.

(4) The following information and training must be provided to all persons potentially exposed to carbon tetrachloride:

(i) The requirements of this section, as well as how to access or obtain a copy of these requirements in the workplace;

(ii) The quantity, location, manner of use, release, and storage of carbon tetrachloride and the specific operations in the workplace that could result in exposure to carbon tetrachloride, particularly noting where each regulated area is located;

(iii) Methods and observations that may be used to detect the presence or release of carbon tetrachloride in the workplace (such as monitoring conducted by the owner or operator, continuous monitoring devices, visual appearance or odor of carbon tetrachloride when being released);

(iv) The acute and chronic health hazards of carbon tetrachloride as detailed on relevant Safety Data Sheets; and

(v) The principles of safe use and handling of carbon tetrachloride and measures potentially exposed persons can take to protect themselves from carbon tetrachloride, including specific procedures the owner or operator has implemented to protect potentially exposed persons from exposure to carbon tetrachloride, such as appropriate work practices, emergency procedures, and personal protective equipment to be used.

(5) The owner or operator must re-train each potentially exposed person as necessary, but at minimum annually, to ensure that each such person maintains the requisite understanding of the principles of safe use and handling of carbon tetrachloride in the workplace.

(6) Whenever there are workplace changes, such as modifications of tasks or procedures or the institution of new tasks or procedures, that increase exposure, and where such exposure exceeds or can reasonably be expected to exceed the ECEL action level or increase potential for direct dermal contact with carbon tetrachloride, the owner or operator must update the training as necessary to ensure that each potentially exposed person is re-trained.

(f) Personal protective equipment (PPE). (1) General. The provisions of this paragraph (f) apply to any owner or operator that is required to provide respiratory protection pursuant to paragraphs (b)(3)(iv) or (d)(1)(i)(B) of this section or dermal protection pursuant to paragraphs (c) or (d)(1)(ii)(B) of this section or § 751.709(b)(3) or (4).

(2) Respiratory protection. (i) By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 9, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within three months after receipt of any exposure monitoring that indicates exposures exceeding the ECEL, if an owner or operator is required to provide respiratory protection pursuant to paragraph (f)(1) of this section, the owner or operator must ensure that each potentially exposed person is provided with a respirator according to the requirements of this section.

(ii) For purposes of this paragraph (f)(2), cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 applying to an “employee” apply equally to potentially exposed persons and cross-referenced provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators. Other terms in cross-referenced provisions in 29 CFR 1910.134 that are defined in 29 CFR 1910.134(b) have the meaning assigned to them in that paragraph.

(iii) By September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by September 9, 2026 for non-Federal owners and operators, or within three months after receipt of any exposure monitoring that indicates exposures exceeding the ECEL, if an owner or operator is required to provide respiratory protection pursuant to (f)(1) of this section, the owner or operator must develop and administer a written respiratory protection program consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(c)(1), (c)(3) and (c)(4).

(iv) Owners and operators must select respiratory protection required by paragraph (f)(2)(i) of this section based on a medical evaluation consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(e). If a potentially exposed person cannot use a negative-pressure respirator that would otherwise be required by paragraph (f)(1) of this section, then the owner or operator must provide that person with an alternative respirator. The alternative respirator must have less breathing resistance than the negative-pressure respirator and provide equivalent or greater protection. If the person is unable to use an alternative respirator, then the person must not be permitted to enter the regulated area.

(v) Owners and operators must select respiratory protection that properly fits each affected person and communicate respirator selections to each affected person consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(f).

(vi) Owners and operators must provide, ensure use of, and maintain (in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition) respiratory protection that is of safe design and construction for the applicable condition of use consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(g) through (j).

(vii) Prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving potential exposure to carbon tetrachloride, owners and operators must provide training to all persons required to use respiratory protection consistent with 29 CFR 1910.134(k).

(viii) Owners and operators must retrain all persons required to use PPE at least annually, or whenever the owner or operator has reason to believe that a previously trained person does not have the required understanding and skill to properly use PPE, or when changes in the workplace or in PPE to be used render the previous training obsolete.

(ix) Owners or operators must select and provide to persons appropriate respirators as indicated by the most recent monitoring results as follows:

(A) If the measured exposure concentration is at or below the 0.03 ppm: no respiratory protection is required.

(B) If the measured exposure concentration is above 0.03 ppm and less than or equal to 0.3 ppm (10 times ECEL): Any National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-Approved air-purifying half mask respirator equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; or any NIOSH Approved Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or Airline Respirator operated in demand mode equipped with a half mask; or any NIOSH Approved Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) in demand mode equipped with a half mask [APF 10].

(C) If the measured exposure concentration is above 0.3 ppm and less than or equal to 0.75 ppm (25 times ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR) equipped with a loose-fitting facepiece or hood/helmet equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved continuous flow supplied air respirator equipped with a loose-fitting facepiece; or any NIOSH Approved Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or Airline Respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with a loose-fitting facepiece or helmet/hood [APF 25].

(D) If the measured exposure concentration is above 0.75 ppm and less than or equal to 1.5 ppm (50 times ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved air-purifying full facepiece respirator equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved PAPR with a half mask equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous flow mode equipped with a half mask; any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode with a half mask; or any NIOSH Approved SCBA in demand-mode equipped with a full facepiece or helmet/hood [APF 50].

(E) If the measured exposure concentration is above 1.5 ppm and less than or equal to 30 ppm (1,000 times ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved PAPR equipped with a full facepiece equipped with organic vapor cartridges or canisters; any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with full facepiece; any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode equipped with a full facepiece and an auxiliary self-contained air supply; or any NIOSH Approved SAR or Airline Respirator in a continuous-flow mode equipped with a helmet or hood and that has been tested to demonstrated performance at a level of a protection of APF 1,000 or greater [APF 1000].

(F) If the measured exposure concentration is greater than 30 ppm (1,000 times ECEL): Any NIOSH Approved SCBA in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode equipped with a full facepiece helmet/hood [APF 10,000].

(G) If the exposure concentration is unknown: Any NIOSH Approved combination supplied air respirator equipped with a full facepiece and operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode with an auxiliary self-contained air supply; or any NIOSH Approved SCBA operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode and equipped with a full facepiece or helmet/hood [APF 1000+].

(x) Owners and operators must select and provide respirators as required in paragraph (f)(2) of this section consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(d)(1)(iv), and with consideration of workplace and user factors that affect respirator performance and reliability.

(xi) Owners and operators who select air-purifying respirators must either:

(A) Select respirators that have an end-of-service-life indicator (ESLI) that is NIOSH Approved® for carbon tetrachloride; or

(B) Implement a change schedule for canisters and cartridges based on objective information or data that ensures that canisters and cartridges are changed before the end of their service life. The written respiratory protection program required by paragraph (f)(2)(iii) of this section must include a description of the information and data relied upon, the basis for reliance on the information and data, and the basis for the canister and cartridge change schedule.

(xii) Owners and operators must ensure that respirators are used in compliance with the terms of the respirator's NIOSH certification.

(xiii) Owners and operators must conduct regular evaluations of the workplace, including consultations with potentially exposed persons using respiratory protection, consistent with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.134(l), to ensure that the provisions of the written respiratory protection program required under paragraph (f)(2)(iii) of this section are being effectively implemented.

(xiv) The respiratory protection requirements in this paragraph (f)(2) represent the minimum respiratory protection requirements, such that any respirator affording a higher degree of protection than the required respirator may be used.

(3) Dermal protection. (i) Beginning September 20, 2027 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or by June 16, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, if an owner or operator is required to provide dermal protection pursuant to paragraph (f)(1), the owner or operator must ensure that each potentially exposed person is provided with dermal PPE according to the requirements of this section.

(ii) Owners or operators must supply and require the donning of dermal PPE that separates and provides a barrier to prevent direct dermal contact with carbon tetrachloride in the specific work area where it is selected for use, selected in accordance with this paragraph and provided in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132(h), to each person who is reasonably likely to be dermally exposed in the work area through direct dermal contact with carbon tetrachloride. For the purposes of this subsection, provisions in 29 CFR 1910.132(h) applying to an “employee” also apply equally to potentially exposed persons, and provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(iii) Owners or operators must select and provide dermal PPE in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.133(b) and additionally as specified in this paragraph (f)(3) to each person who is reasonably likely to be dermally exposed in the work area through direct dermal contact with carbon tetrachloride. For the purposes of this paragraph (f)(3)(iii), provisions in 29 CFR 1910.133(b) applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(iv) Owners or operators must select and provide to persons appropriate dermal PPE based on an evaluation of the performance characteristics of the PPE relative to the task(s) to be performed, conditions present, and the duration of use. Replacement PPE must be provided immediately if any person is dermally exposed to CTC longer than the breakthrough time period for which testing has demonstrated that the PPE will be impermeable or if there is a chemical permeation or breakage of the PPE. Dermal PPE must include, but is not limited to, the following items:

(A) Impervious gloves selected based on specifications from the manufacturer or supplier or by individually prepared third-party testing.

(B) Impervious clothing covering the exposed areas of the body (e.g., long pants, long sleeved shirt).

(v) Owners or operators must demonstrate that each item of gloves and other clothing selected provides an impervious barrier to prevent direct dermal contact with carbon tetrachloride during normal and expected duration and conditions of exposure within the work area by evaluating the specifications from the manufacturer or supplier or individually prepared third-party testing of the dermal PPE, or of the material used in construction of the dermal PPE, to establish that the dermal PPE will be impervious to carbon tetrachloride alone and in likely combination with other chemical substances in the work area.

(vi) Dermal PPE that is of safe design and construction for the work to be performed must be provided, used, and maintained in a sanitary, reliable, and undamaged condition. Owners and operators must select PPE that properly fits each affected person and communicate PPE selections to each affected person.

(vii) Owners or operators must provide training in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.132(f) to all persons required to use dermal protection prior to or at the time of initial assignment to a job involving exposure to carbon tetrachloride. For the purposes of this paragraph (f)(3)(vii), provisions in 29 CFR 1910.132(f) applying to an “employee” also apply equally to potentially exposed persons, and provisions applying to an “employer” also apply equally to owners or operators.

(viii) Owners and operators must retrain each person required to use dermal protection at least annually or whenever the owner or operator has reason to believe that a previously trained person does not have the required understanding and skill to properly use dermal protection, or when changes in the workplace or in dermal protection to be used render the previous training obsolete.

§ 751.709 — Workplace Restrictions for the Industrial and Commercial Use as a Laboratory Chemical, Including the Use of Carbon Tetrachloride as a Laboratory Chemical by the U.S. Department of Defense.

(a) Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to the industrial and commercial use of carbon tetrachloride as a laboratory chemical, including the U.S. Department of Defense's industrial and commercial use of carbon tetrachloride as a laboratory chemical in chemical weapons destruction.

(b) Laboratory chemical requirements. (1) After December 18, 2025 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or after June 16, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, owners or operators must ensure laboratory ventilation devices such as fume hoods or glove boxes are in use and functioning properly and that specific measures are taken to ensure proper and adequate performance of such equipment to minimize exposures to potentially exposed persons in the area when carbon tetrachloride is used as a laboratory chemical, except for the U.S. Department of Defense's use of carbon tetrachloride as a laboratory chemical in chemical weapons destruction.

(2) After December 18, 2025, the U.S. Department of Defense must ensure that advanced engineering controls are in use and functioning properly and that specific measures are taken to ensure proper and adequate performance of such equipment to minimize exposures to potentially exposed persons in the area during the industrial/commercial use of carbon tetrachloride as a laboratory chemical in chemical weapons destruction.

(3) After December 18, 2025 for Federal agencies and Federal contractors acting for or on behalf of the Federal government, or after June 16, 2025 for non-Federal owners and operators, owners or operators must ensure that all persons reasonably likely to be exposed from direct dermal contact to carbon tetrachloride when carbon tetrachloride is used as a laboratory chemical, except for the U.S. Department of Defense's industrial and commercial use of carbon tetrachloride as a laboratory chemical in chemical weapons destruction, are provided with dermal PPE and training on proper use of PPE in a manner consistent with § 751.707(f)(3).

(4) After December 18, 2025, U.S. Department of Defense must ensure that all persons reasonably likely to be exposed from direct dermal contact to carbon tetrachloride through the industrial and commercial use of carbon tetrachloride as a laboratory chemical in chemical weapons destruction are provided with dermal PPE and training on proper use of PPE in a manner consistent with § 751.707(f)(3), except that the date listed in paragraph (f)(3)(i) does not apply.

§ 751.711 — Downstream Notification.

(a) Beginning on February 18, 2025, each person who manufactures (including imports) carbon tetrachloride for any use must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify companies to whom carbon tetrachloride is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in this Subpart in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.

(b) Beginning on June 16, 2025, each person who processes or distributes in commerce carbon tetrachloride for any use must, prior to or concurrent with the shipment, notify companies to whom carbon tetrachloride is shipped, in writing, of the restrictions described in this Subpart in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.

(c) The notification required under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section must occur by inserting the following text in Sections 1(c) and 15 of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided with the carbon tetrachloride:

§ 751.713 — Recordkeeping Requirements.

(a) General records. After February 18, 2025, all persons who manufacture (including import), process, distribute in commerce, or engage in industrial or commercial use of carbon tetrachloride must maintain ordinary business records, such as downstream notifications, invoices and bills-of-lading related to compliance with the prohibitions, restrictions, and other provisions of this subpart.

(b) Workplace Chemical Protection Program compliance—(1) ECEL exposure monitoring. For each monitoring event, owners or operators subject to the ECEL described in § 751.707(b) must document and retain records of the following:

(i) Dates, duration, and results of each sample taken;

(ii) The quantity, location(s) and manner of use of carbon tetrachloride in use at the time of each monitoring event;

(iii) All measurements that may be necessary to determine the conditions that may affect the monitoring results;

(iv) Name, workplace address, work shift, job classification, work area, and type of respiratory protection (if any) by each monitored person;

(v) Identification of all potentially exposed persons that a monitored person is intended to represent if using a representative sample, consistent with § 751.707(b)(2)(i)(A) and (B);

(vi) Sampling and analytical methods used as described in § 751.707(b)(2)(i)(D);

(vii) Compliance with the Good Laboratory Practice Standards in 40 CFR part 792, or use of laboratory accredited by the AIHA or another industry-recognized program, as required by § 751.707(b)(2)(i)(C); and

(viii) Information regarding air monitoring equipment, including: type, maintenance, calibrations, performance tests, limits of detection, and any malfunctions;

(ix) Re-monitoring determinations conducted by an Environmental Professional as defined at 40 CFR 312.10 or a Certified Industrial Hygienist, if results indicated non-detect; and

(x) Notification of exposure monitoring results in accordance with § 751.707(b)(2)(v).

(2) ECEL compliance. Owners or operators subject to the ECEL described in § 751.707(b) must retain records of:

(i) Exposure control plan as described in § 751.707(d)(2);

(ii) Implementation of the exposure control plan as described in § 751.707(d)(2), including:

(A) Any regular inspections, evaluations, and updating of the exposure controls to maintain effectiveness;

(B) Confirmation that all persons are implementing the exposure controls; and

(C) Each occurrence and duration of any start-up, shutdown, ruptures, or malfunction of the facility that causes an exceedance of the ECEL, any subsequent corrective actions taken by the owner or operator during the start-up, shutdown, ruptures, or malfunctions to mitigate exposures to CTC, and documentation indicating that additional monitoring was completed within a reasonable timeframe.

(iii) Respiratory protection used by each potentially exposed person and PPE program implementation as described in § 751.707(f)(2) including:

(A) The name, workplace address, work shift, job classification, work area of each potentially exposed person, and the type of respiratory protection provided to each potentially exposed person;

(B) The basis for the specific respiratory protection selection in accordance with § 751.707(f)(2); and

(C) Fit testing and training in accordance with § 751.707(f)(2).

(iv) Information and training as required in § 751.707(e).

(3) DDCC compliance. Owners or operators subject to DDCC requirements described in § 751.707(c) must retain records of:

(i) Exposure control plan as described in § 751.707(d)(2);

(ii) Dermal protection used by each potentially exposed person and PPE program implementation as described in § 751.707(f)(3), including:

(A) The name, workplace address, work shift, job classification, and work area of each person reasonably likely to directly handle carbon tetrachloride or handle equipment or materials on which carbon tetrachloride may be present and the type of PPE selected to be worn by each of these persons;

(B) The basis for specific PPE selection (e.g., demonstration based on permeation testing or manufacturer specifications that each item of PPE selected provides an impervious barrier to prevent exposure during expected duration and conditions of exposure, including the likely combinations of chemical substances to which the PPE may be exposed in the work area);

(C) Appropriately sized PPE and training on proper application, wear, and removal of PPE, and proper care/disposal of PPE;

(D) Occurrence and duration of any direct dermal contact with carbon tetrachloride that occurs during any activity or malfunction at the workplace that causes direct dermal exposures to occur and/or glove breakthrough, and corrective actions to be taken during and immediately following that activity or malfunction to prevent direct dermal contact to carbon tetrachloride; and

(E) Training in accordance with § 751.707(f)(3).

(iii) Information and training provided as required in § 751.707(e).

(4) Workplace participation. Owners or operators must document the notice to and ability of any potentially exposed person that may reasonably be affected by carbon tetrachloride inhalation exposure or direct dermal contact and their designated representatives to readily access the exposure control plans, facility exposure monitoring records, PPE program implementation records, or any other information relevant to carbon tetrachloride exposure in the workplace.

(c) Workplace requirements for laboratory use compliance. Owners and operators subject to the laboratory chemical requirements described in § 751.709 must retain records of:

(1) Dermal protection used by each potentially exposed person and PPE program implementation, as described in § 751.713(b)(3)(ii); and

(2) Documentation identifying criteria that the owner or operator will use to determine and implement control measures to reduce potentially exposed persons' exposure to carbon tetrachloride including laboratory ventilation devices;

(3) Documentation identifying: implementation of a properly functioning laboratory ventilation devices using manufacturer's instructions for installation, use, and maintenance of the devices including inspections, tests, development of maintenance procedures, the establishment of criteria for acceptable test results, and documentation of test and inspection results, except for the U.S. Department of Defense's use of carbon tetrachloride as a laboratory chemical in chemical weapons destruction; and

(4) For the U.S. Department of Defense's use of carbon tetrachloride as a laboratory chemical in chemical weapons destruction, documentation identifying implementation of advanced engineering controls that are in use and functioning properly and specific measures taken to ensure proper and adequate performance.

(d) Retention. Owners or operators must retain the records required under this section for a period of five years from the date that such records were generated.