Battery Manufacturing Point Source Category

§ 461.1 — Applicability.

This part applies to any battery manufacturing plant that discharges or may discharge a pollutant to waters of the United States or that introduces pollutants to a publicly owned treatment works. Battery manufacturing operations subject to regulation under this part shall not be subject to regulation under part 413 or 433.

§ 461.2 — General definitions.

In addition to the definitions set forth in 40 CFR part 401, the following definitions apply to this part:

(a) “Battery” means a modular electric power source where part or all of the fuel is contained within the unit and electric power is generated directly from a chemical reaction rather than indirectly through a heat cycle engine. In this regulation there is no differentiation between a single cell and a battery.

(b) “Battery manufacturing operations” means all of the specific processes used to produce a battery including the manufacture of anodes and cathodes and associated ancillary operations. These manufacturing operations are excluded from regulation under any other point source category.

(c) “Ancillary operations” means all of the operations specific to battery manufacturing and not included specifically within anode or cathode manufacture (ancillary operations are primarily associated with battery assembly and chemical production of anode or cathode active materials).

(d) “Plate soak” shall mean the process operation of soaking or reacting lead subcategory battery plates, that are more than 2.5 mm (0.100 in) thick, in sulfuric acid.

(e) “Discharge allowance” means the amount of pollutant (mg per kg of production unit) that a plant will be permitted to discharge. For this category the allowances are specific to battery manufacturing operations.

(f) “Miscellaneous wastewater streams” shall mean the combined wastewater streams from the process operations listed below for each subcategory. If a plant has one of these streams then the plant receives the entire miscellaneous waste stream allowance.

(1) Cadmium subcategory. Cell wash, electrolyte preparation, floor and equipment wash, and employee wash.

(2) Lead subcategory. Floor wash, wet air pollution control, battery repair, laboratory, hand wash, and respirator wash.

(3) Lithium subcategory. Floor and equipment wash, cell testing, and lithium scrap disposal.

(4) Zinc subcategory. Cell wash, electrolyte preparation, employee wash, reject cell handling, floor and equipment wash.

(g) “Trucked batteries” shall mean batteries moved into or out of the plant by truck when the truck is actually washed in the plant to remove residues left in the truck from the batteries.

§ 461.3 — Monitoring and reporting requirements.

The “monthly average” regulatory values shall be the basis for the monthly average discharge in direct discharge permits and for pretreatment standards. Compliance with the monthly discharge limit is required regardless of the number of samples analyzed and averaged.

§ 461.4 — Compliance date for PSES.

The compliance date for pretreatment standards for existing sources is March 9, 1987.

§ 461.10 — Applicability; description of the cadmium subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges to waters of the United States, and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the manufacturing of cadmium anode batteries.

§ 461.11 — Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available:

(1) Subpart A—Pasted and Pressed Powder Anodes.

(2) Subpart A—Electrodeposited Anodes.

(3) Subpart A—Impregnated Anodes.

(4) Subpart A—Nickel Electrodeposited Cathodes.

(5) Subpart A—Nickel Impregnated Cathodes.

(6) Subpart A—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams.

(7) Subpart A—Cadmium Powder Production.

(8) Subpart A—Silver Powder Production.

(9) Subpart A—Cadmium Hydroxide Production.

(10) Subpart A—Nickel Hydroxide Production.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.12 — Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable:

(1) Subpart A—Electrodeposited Anodes.

(2) Subpart A—Impregnated Anodes.

(3) Subpart A—Nickel Electrodeposited Cathodes.

(4) Subpart A—Nickel Impregnated Cathodes.

(5) Subpart A—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams.

(6) Subpart A—Cadmium Powder Production.

(7) Subpart A—Silver Powder Production.

(8) Subpart A—Cadmium Hydroxide Production.

(9) Subpart A—Nickel Hydroxide Production.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.13 — New source performance standards (NSPS).

(a) The discharge of wastewater pollutants from any new source subject to this subpart shall not exceed the standards set forth below:

(1) Subpart A—Electrodeposited Anodes—NSPS.

(2) Subpart A—Impregnated Anodes—NSPS.

(3) Subpart A—Nickel Electrodeposited Cathodes—NSPS.

(4) Subpart A—Nickel Impregnated Cathodes—NSPS.

(5) Subpart A—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—NSPS.

(6) Subpart A—Cadmium Powder Production—NSPS.

(7) Subpart A—Silver Powder Production—NSPS.

(8) Subpart A—Cadmium Hydroxide Production—NSPS.

(9) Subpart A—Nickel Hydroxide Production—NSPS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.14 — Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the pretreatment standards for existing sources listed below:

(1) Subpart A—Electrodeposited Anodes.

(2) Subpart A—Impregnated Anodes.

(3) Subpart A—Nickel Electrodeposited Cathodes.

(4) Subpart A—Nickel Impregnated Cathodes—PSES.

(5) Subpart A—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—PSES.

(6) Subpart A—Cadmium Powder Production—PSES.

(7) Subpart A—Silver Powder Production—PSES.

(8) Subpart A—Cadmium Hydroxide Production—PSES.

(9) Subpart A—Nickel Hydroxide Production—PSES.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.15 — Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 any new source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the pretreatment standards for new sources listed below:

(1) Subpart A—Electrodeposited Anodes—PSNS.

(2) Subpart A—Impregnated Anodes—PSNS.

(3) Subpart A—Nickel Electrodeposited Cathodes—PSNS.

(4) Subpart A—Nickel Impregnated Cathodes—PSNS.

(5) Subpart A—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—PSNS.

(6) Subpart A—Cadmium Powder Production—PSNS.

(7) Subpart A—Silver Powder Production—PSNS.

(8) Subpart A—Cadmium Hydroxide Production—PSNS.

(9) Subpart A—Nickel Hydroxide Production—PSNS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.20 — Applicability; description of the calcium subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges to waters of the United States and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from manufacturing calcium anode batteries.

§ 461.21-461.22 — 461.21-461.22 [Reserved]

§ 461.23 — New source performance standards (NSPS).

(a) The discharge of wastewater pollutants from any new source subject to this subpart shall not exceed the standards set forth below.

(b) There shall be no discharge for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operations.

§ 461.24 — [Reserved]

§ 461.25 — Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

(a) Except as provided in § 403.7 any new source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the pretreatment standards for new sources listed below.

(b) There shall be no discharge for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operations.

§ 461.30 — Applicability; description of the lead subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges to waters of the United States and introduction of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the manufacturing of lead anode batteries.

§ 461.31 — Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available:

(1) Subpart C—Closed Formation—Double Fill, or Fill and Dump.

(2) Subpart C—Open Formation—Dehydrated.

(3) Subpart C—Open Formation—Wet.

(4) Subpart C—Plate Soak.

(5) Subpart C—Battery Wash (with Detergent).

(6) Subpart C—Battery Wash (Water Only).

(7) Subpart C—Direct Chill Lead Casting.

(8) Subpart C—Mold Release Formulation.

(9) Subpart C—Truck Wash.

(10) Subpart C—Laundry.

(11) Subpart C—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.32 — Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable:

(1) Subpart C—Open Formation—Dehydrated.

(2) Subpart C—Open Formation—Wet.

(3) Subpart C—Plate Soak.

(4) Subpart C—Battery Wash (Detergent).

(5) Subpart C—Direct Chill Lead Casting.

(6) Subpart C—Mold Release Formulation.

(7) Subpart C—Truck Wash.

(8) Subpart C—Laundry.

(9) Subpart C—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.33 — New source performance standards (NSPS).

(a) The discharge of wastewater pollutants from any new source subject to this subpart shall not exceed the standards set forth below:

(1) Subpart C—Open Formation—Dehydrated—NSPS.

(2) Subpart C—Open Formation—Wet—NSPS.

(3) Subpart C—Plate Soak—NSPS.

(4) Subpart C—Battery Wash (Detergent)—NSPS.

(5) Subpart C—Direct Chill Lead Casting—NSPS.

(6) Subpart C—Mold Release Formulation—NSPS.

(7) Subpart C—Truck Wash—NSPS.

(8) Subpart C—Laundry—NSPS.

(9) Subpart C—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—NSPS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.34 — Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the pretreatment standards for existing sources listed below:

(1) Subpart C—Open Formation—Dehydrated—PSES.

(2) Subpart C—Open Formation—Wet—PSES.

(3) Subpart C—Plate Soak—PSES.

(4) Subpart C—Battery Wash—(Detergent)—PSES.

(5) Subpart C—Direct Chill Lead Casting—PSES.

(6) Subpart C—Mold Release Formulation—PSES.

(7) Subpart C—Truck Wash—PSES.

(8) Subpart C—Laundry—PSES.

(9) Subpart C—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—PSES.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

(c)(1) In cases where battery employee shower wastewater containing concentrations of lead exceeding 0.20 mg/l is combined with process wastewaters prior to treatment, the Control Authority may, for purposes of applying the Combined Wastestream Formula under § 403.6(e) of this chapter, notwithstanding the provisions of § 403.6(e), exercise its discretion and classify battery employee shower wastewater as an unregulated rather than a dilute (FD) wastestream.

(2) Before the Control Authority may exercise its discretion to classify such a stream as an unregulated stream, the battery manufacturer must provide engineering, production, and sampling and analysis information sufficient to allow a determination by the Control Authority on how the stream should be classified.

§ 461.35 — Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

(a) Except as provided in § 403.7, any new source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources:

(1) Subpart C—Open Formation—Dehydrated—PSNS.

(2) Subpart C—Open Formation—Wet—PSNS.

(3) Subpart C—Plate Soak—PSNS.

(4) Subpart C—Battery Wash—(Detergent)—PSNS.

(5) Subpart C—Direct Chill Lead Casting—PSNS.

(6) Subpart C—Mold Release Formulation—PSNS.

(7) Subpart C—Truck Wash—PSNS.

(8) Subpart C—Laundry—PSNS.

(9) Subpart C—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—PSNS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operations other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.40 — Applicability; description of the Leclanche subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges to waters of the United States, and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from manufacturing Leclanche type batteries (zinc anode batteries with acid electrolyte).

§ 461.41-461.42 — 461.41-461.42 [Reserved]

§ 461.43 — New source performance standards (NSPS).

(a) The discharge of wastewater pollutants from any new source subject to this subpart shall not exceed the standards set forth below:

(1) Subpart D—Foliar Battery Miscellaneous Wash—NSPS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.44 — Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for existing sources listed below:

(1) Subpart D—Foliar Battery Miscellaneous Wash—PSES.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.45 — Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

(a) Except as provided in § 403.7 any new source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources listed below.

(1) Subpart D—Foliar Battery Miscellaneous Wash—PSNS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.50 — Applicability; description of the lithium subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges to waters of the United States and introduction of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the manufacturing of lithium anode batteries.

§ 461.51-461.52 — 461.51-461.52 [Reserved]

§ 461.53 — New source performance standards (NSPS).

(a) The discharge of wastewater pollutants from any new source subject to this subpart shall not exceed the standards set forth below:

(1) Subpart E—Lead Iodide Cathodes—NSPS.

(2) Subpart E—Iron Disulfide Cathodes—NSPS.

(3) Subpart E—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—NSPS.

(4) Subpart E—Air Scrubbers—NSPS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.54 — [Reserved]

§ 461.55 — Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

(a) Except as provided in § 403.7 any new source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources listed below:

(1) Subpart E—Lead Iodide Cathodes—PSNS.

(2) Subpart E—Iron Disulfide Cathodes—PSNS.

(3) Subpart E—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—PSNS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.60 — Applicability; description of the magnesium subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges to waters of the United States and introduction of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the manufacturing of magnesium anode batteries.

§ 461.61-461.62 — 461.61-461.62 [Reserved]

§ 461.63 — New source performance standards (NSPS).

(a) The discharge of wastewater pollutants from any new source subject to this subpart shall not exceed the standards set forth below:

(1) Subpart F—Silver Chloride Cathodes—Chemically Reduced—NSPS.

(2) Subpart F—Silver Chloride Cathodes—Electrolytic—NSPS.

(3) Subpart F—Cell Testing—NSPS.

(4) Subpart F—Floor and Equipment Wash—NSPS.

(5) Subpart F—Air Scrubber—NSPS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.64 — Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for existing sources listed below:

(1) Subpart F—Silver Chloride Cathodes—Chemically Reduced—PSES.

(2) Subpart F—Silver Chloride Cathodes—Electrolytic—PSES.

(3) Subpart F—Cell Testing—PSES.

(4) Subpart F—Floor and Equipment Wash—PSES.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.65 — Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

(a) Except as provided in § 403.7 any new source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources listed below:

(1) Subpart F—Silver Chloride Cathodes—Chemically Reduced—PSNS.

(2) Subpart F—Silver Chloride Cathodes—Electrolytic PSNS.

(3) Subpart F—Cell Testing—PSNS.

(4) Subpart F—Floor and Equipment Wash—PSNS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.70 — Applicability; description of the zinc subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges to waters of the United States, and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the manufacturing of zinc anode batteries.

§ 461.71 — Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available:

(1) Subpart G—Wet Amalgamated Powder Anodes.

(2) Subpart G—Gelled Amalgam Anodes.

(3) Subpart G—Zinc Oxide, Formed Anodes.

(4) Subpart G—Electrodeposited Anodes.

(5) Subpart G—Silver Powder, Formed Cathodes.

(6) Subpart G—Silver Oxide Powder, Formed Cathodes.

(7) Subpart G—Silver Peroxide Cathodes.

(8) Subpart G—Nickel Impregnated Cathodes.

(9) Subpart G—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams.

(10) Subpart G—Silver Etch.

(11) Subpart G—Silver Peroxide Production.

(12) Subpart G—Silver Powder Production.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.72 — Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable:

(1) Subpart G—Wet Amalgamated Powder Anodes.

(2) Subpart G—Gelled Amalgam Anodes.

(3) Subpart G—Zinc Oxide Formed Anodes.

(4) Subpart G—Electrodeposited Anodes.

(5) Subpart G—Silver Powder Formed Cathodes.

(6) Subpart G—Silver Oxide Powder Formed Cathodes.

(7) Subpart G—Silver Peroxide Cathodes.

(8) Subpart G—Nickel Impregnated Cathodes.

(9) Subpart G—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams.

(10) Subpart G—Silver Etch.

(11) Subpart G—Silver Peroxide Production.

(12) Subpart G—Silver Powder Production.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.73 — New source performance standards. (NSPS).

(a) The discharge of wastewater pollutants from any new source subject to this subpart shall not exceed the standards set forth below:

(1) Subpart G—Zinc Oxide Formed Anodes—NSPS.

(2) Subpart G—Electrodeposited Anodes—NSPS.

(3) Subpart G—Silver Powder Formed Cathodes—NSPS.

(4) Subpart G—Silver Oxide Powder Formed Cathodes—NSPS.

(5) Subpart G—Silver Peroxide Cathodes—NSPS.

(6) Subpart G—Nickel Impregnated Cathodes—NSPS.

(7) Subpart G—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—NSPS.

(8) Subpart G—Silver Etch—NSPS.

(9) Subpart G—Silver Peroxide Production—NSPS.

(10) Subpart G—Silver Powder Production—NSPS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.74 — Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for existing sources:

(1) Subpart G—Wet Amalgamated Powder Anode—PSES.

(2) Subpart G—Gelled Amalgam Anodes—PSES.

(3) Subpart G—Zinc Oxide Formed Anodes—PSES.

(4) Subpart G—Electrodeposited Anodes—PSES.

(5) Subpart G—Silver Powder Formed Cathodes—PSES.

(6) Subpart G—Silver Oxide Powder Formed Cathodes—PSES.

(7) Subpart G—Silver Peroxide Cathodes—PSES.

(8) Subpart G—Nickel Impregnated Cathodes—PSES.

(9) Subpart G—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—PSES.

(10) Subpart G—Silver Etch—PSES.

(11) Subpart G—Silver Peroxide Production—PSES.

(12) Subpart G—Silver Powder Production—PSES.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.

§ 461.75 — Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

(a) Except as provided in § 403.7 any new source subject to this subpart that introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources listed below:

(1) Subpart G—Zinc Oxide Formed Anodes—PSNS.

(2) Subpart G—Electrodeposited Anodes—PSNS.

(3) Subpart G—Silver Powder Formed Cathodes—PSNS.

(4) Subpart G—Silver Oxide Powder Formed Cathodes—PSNS.

(5) Subpart G—Silver Peroxide Cathodes—PSNS.

(6) Subpart G—Nickel Impregnated Cathodes—PSNS.

(7) Subpart G—Miscellaneous Wastewater Streams—PSNS.

(8) Subpart G—Silver Etch—PSNS.

(9) Subpart G—Silver Peroxide Production—PSNS.

(10) Subpart G—Silver Powder Production—PSNS.

(b) There shall be no discharge allowance for process wastewater pollutants from any battery manufacturing operation other than those battery manufacturing operations listed above.